IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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1.0 


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Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


w. 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 

1980 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
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which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


n 
n 


□ 


D 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommag^e 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurde  et/ou  pellicul6e 


n    Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

□    Coloured  maps/ 
Cartes  g§ographiques  en  couleur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
ere  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serree  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int^rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutdes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  film^es. 

Additional  com^ients:/ 
Commentaires  suppl^mentaires; 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mdthode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


I      I    Coloured  pages/ 


D 


D 
D 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  petlicul^es 


I      I    Pages  damaged/ 

I      I    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d^color^es,  tachetdes  ou  piqu^es 


I      I    Pages  detached/ 


Pages  d^tach^es 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 


I      I    Showthrough/ 


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Quality  in^gale  de  I'impression 


Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 

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obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


/ 


10X 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqud  ci-dessous. 

14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


7 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


2ex 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  the  Public 
Archives  of  Canada 


L'exemplaire  filmd  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
g6n6rosit6  de: 

La  bibliothdque  des  Archives 
publiques  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  dt6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet^  de  l'exemplaire  filmd,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimde  sont  film6s  bn  commengant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film6s  en  commenpant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  ^^>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED "),  or  the  symbol  V  (meanir-  'END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  chaque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  -^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  etre 
filmds  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  etre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  cliche,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mdthode. 


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i  1' 


VT 


The 


Rhode  Island  Emigration 


to 


Nova  Scotia. 


lUy  Greene  liiiliiio-,  A.  M., 
Now  Bedford,  Muss. 


Providence,  R.  T., 
Reprinted   from   the   Narrag-ansett   Historical   Register, 

April,    1889. 


m 


^ 


THE     RHODE     ISLAND     EMIGRATION 
NOVA     SCOTIA. 


TO 


By  Riij  Greene  Iluliug-,  A.  M.,     New  Bedford,  Mass. 


IIODE  ISLANDERS  emlomting  to  Nova  Scotia  ? 
How  is  that?  We  are  not  unacquainted  witn  migra- 
tions from  our  little  state,  —  all  ttx^  small  from  the 
outset  to  contain  the  adventurous  spirit  of  her  sons.  Now 
they  carry  our  well  known  names  to  spread  over  Long  Island 
and  the  Jersejs.  Again,  they  colonize  the  western  hills  of 
the  Bay  Stiite,  and  move  northward  to  the  Green  Mountains. 
Then  they  flock  to  the  banks  of  the  Hudson  and  the  ill-fated 
valley  of  Wyoming.  Central  New  York  abounds  with  their 
descendants,  sind  of  the  later  waves  of  migration  to  the  re- 
moter states  and  the  Pacific  slope  there  is  no  need  to  speak, 
*'  Westward  the  star  of  empire  takes  its  way,"  says  Bancroft, 
and  the  Rhode  Islander  seems  ever  to  have  had  his  eye  upon 
that  luminary. 


THK    KMIOHATION    TO    NoVA    S<"()TIA. 


lint    wlu'ii    (lid   H  colony  turn    eastward    to    Nova    Scotia 


Al 
h 


I   Vl'H 


Tl 


icy  m 


list   h 


lavf  i»('('n   a  ^loiip  ot     1  oru's,  payinj;' 


f    T 


)V  oxue  and  miss  o 


r  estates    the  [lenaUy  tor  adlieie 


nee 


to  K 


niii 


Geoi'gt!  in  tlie  t<'n  il)le  days  of  the  Ikcvolntion.  Some  siu  h 
tliere  were  from  the  sontliern  counties  of  the  state,  it  is  true^ 
but  1  cannot  learn  that  tliey  united  in  any  setth'inent  in  Nova 
Scotia 

No  !  Tlie  coh)ny  ol'  which  1  spejils.  h-l't  tlie  jwirent  stock 
Avhen  all  were  alike  loyal  to  the  sovereion  ot*  Great  Jiritain,  - 
indeed  at  just  the  jinn  fare  when  it  \v;is  the  jirondest  hoast  of 
every  New  En^laiider  that  h"  was  a  British  subject.  For 
there  were  almost  then  soundinj>'  on  the  air  the  cannon  which 
announced  tlie  fall  of  the  Jh  in'-dc-lix  ($ver  all  America  and 
the  universal  rule  u|ioii  this  western  land  of  Kn<»lish  law  and 
Saxon  civilization.  These  colonists  went  out  not  by  comj)ul- 
sion  but  liy  free  choice,  and  indeed  upon  an  urgent  iuvitati(ui. 
Theii"  aim  was  sim[)ly  to  ojien  new  homes,  as  had  their  fathers, 
in  a  new  land  and  on  riclur  soil. 

One  of  the    saddest   episodes    in    the   lonji'  strui>ple  for  su- 


!->!-<' 


pi'finaey  between  the  French  and  the  En<;lish  on  this  conti- 
nent was  th(^  expatriation  of  the  Acadians.  Longfellow  in 
his  Evanoeline  has  told  us,  with  a  poet's  license,  jdl  the  mel- 
ancholy story,  -  and  even  nune.  Our  historical  readint*-  lias, 
no  doubt,  explaiiKMl  the  sad  nec"essity  of  the  step  as  a  military 
precaution,  but  the  ])ictures  limned  by  the  poet  grow  even 
brighter  as  our  eyes  rest  upon  the  scenes  described. 

"  This  is  the  forest  primeval,      'i'he  murmuring    ])ines  and 


the  1 


lem  locks. 


V> 


ear(le( 


1  witl 


1  moss,  and  in   aaru  ents   arei  n.    imlistinct  in 


oices  sa( 


I  and 


prop 


heti 


the  twilight. 
Stand  like  the  Druids  of  eld,  with  v 
Stand   like   harpers  hoar,    with   beards   that    rest  on  tlieir 

bosoms. 


TnK  K\n<aiATFON  TO  Nov  A  Scotia. 


Loud  I'joni  liis  rocky  niveins,  the  (loop  voiood  noi<4lil)oiiiif^ 

oooun. 
Siu'ults,  ami    in  acconts   disoonsolato  aiisAvors   (lio   wails  of 

the  foiost. 


» 

of 
lh\n- 
lioh 
|iti<I 
liiul 
a.l- 
lon. 


In  tlio  Aoiuliun  land,  on  tho  shoros  of  tho  Basin  of  Minus, 

Distant,  soohidod,  still,  tho  littU'  vi11a«j;o  of  Grand-Pro 

Lay  in  tho  frnitfid  valley.      Vast  meadows  sti-otchi'd  to  tho 

oastward, 
Givin<;"  tho  viilaot!  i's  nanu',   and  jiasturo   to  Jlocks  without 


nnnd>oi' 


llM'd    w 


ith  lal 


)01'S 


Dikes,  that  the  hands  of  tho  I'aiineis  had  r 

incessant, 
Shut    out   the   tnihulont  tides ;    luit   at   stated    seasons   tl 

tiood-L»atos 
Opened,  and    weleonu-d    the    s,a  to    wander  at  will  o'er  tl 

meadows. 
West  and  south  there  werr  fields  (d'  llax.  and   orchards  and 


U) 


10 


cor 


nfioldi 


Sproadin**'  afar  and  uiifentcd  o'er  the  jdain;  and  away  to 
the  northward 

Blomidon  rose,  and  the  fon-sts  old  ;  an<l  aloft  on  the  moun- 
tains 

Sea  f()j»s  ]Mtched  their  tents,  and  nnsts  from  the  nughty 
Atlantic 

Looked  on  the  happy  valley,  hut  ne'er  from  their  station 
<h'scendetl." 

Such  })ictures  as  these  it  was  that  attracted  to  Acadia,  with- 
in live  years  after  tho  expulsion  of  tlio  French  inhabitants, 
the  nuchuis  of  the  colony  from  Rhode  Island,  of  which  this 
paper  treats. 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


The   country   comprislnjr   the  Maritime  Provinces   was  in 
the  hands  of  the  Frencli  and   the  English   hy  turns  until  the 
year  1713,  when  hy  the  Pe^ice  of  Utrecht  Acadia  Avas  ceded 
by  France  to  Great   Britain,  in  whose  possjrssion  it  has  ever 
since  remained.    For  many  yetjrs  later,  however,  the  only  Eng- 
lish in  the  district  were  the  troops  at  the  various  posts  scat- 
tered over  the  country  and  a  few  civilians  connected  Avith  the 
government,  and  with   the  supply  of  the  army.     The  inhabi- 
tants of  Nova  Scotia  were  chiefly   French  farmers  and  fisl>er- 
men,  living  maiidy  about  the  Minas  Basin   and  on  the  Anna- 
polis River.     Over  these  the  English  government  maintained 
but  a  feeble   control.     In  1749  the  English  themselves  laid 
the  foundation  for  a  settlement  on  the  beautiful  and  capacious 
harbor  of  Chebucto  and  named  it  Halifax.     A  jealo\isy  soor. 
sprang  up  between   tliese  English  settlers   and  their  French 
neighbors,  the  nearest  of  wlunn  were  at  Pisiquid,  now  Wind- 
sor, some  forty-five  miles  away.     Soon  war  was  renewed  be- 
tween iiiC  English  and  the  French  Governments,  during  which 
both  the  Ar-adian   settlers   and  the  Indians  in  Nova  Scotia, 
though  professeuiy   neutral,   were  found  in  ardent  syn»})athy 
with  the  enemy.     Blood  and  religion  Avere  stronger  than  po- 
]if u'al  relations.     The  Acadians  repeatedly  refused  to  takt^  the 
oath  of  allegiance  to  the  British  CroAvn,  except  one  so  modi- 
fied as  to  exclude  service  against  the  French.     Moreover,  the 
restless  young  spirits  among  them,  either  openly  or  in  disguise, 
AA'ere  found  engaged  Avith  the  Canadians  and  Indians  in  forays 
against  the  English.    The  English  Governor,  Charles  LaAvren- 
ce,  clearly  saAv  that  the  Acadian  settlements  on  the  Annapolis 
and   the   Basin   of  Minas   offered  a  constant  rendezvous   for 
attack  upon  the  feeble  settlcnunt  of  Halifax,  and  determined 
upon  the  forcible  removal  of  the  French   to  the  southern  col- 
onies, with  such  dispersion  of  them  as  Avould  effectually  pre- 
vent  their  concerted   return.     To   accomplish  this  required 


The    KMKJKATION    TO    NoVA    SCOTIA. 


liaaty  aiul  secret  prepaiatioiis.  No  word  was  sent  oven  to 
tlitt  Home  Government  tlionoh  the  two  Admirals  on  the  sta- 
tion were  consulted.  Sei'/in*>;  an  opportui..*  moment  when  a 
New  England  force  under  Ijieut.  Col.  John  WinsloAv  was  at 
hand,  brought  thither  for  tlie  capture  of  the  French  forts  at 
the  head  of  the  Bay  of  Fundy,  Governor  L{.  .vrence  instructed 
his  ofticers  to  collect  the  Acadians  in  the  whole  region  ,  pre 
vent  any  from  escajiino-  and  put  all  on  hoard  transj)orts  which 
would  he  provided.  Families  were  to  be  kept  together  as 
far  as  possible.  The  Avork  was  done  by  Winslow  at  Grand- 
Pre  and  that  neighborhood,  and  by  Capt.  Murray  at  Pisi(pii<l. 
The  blow  fell  eaily  In  Septend)er  1755,  and  was  made  l)y  the 
New  England  troops  as  light  as  their  orders  permitted.  After 
a  little  waiting,  in  order  to  bring  in  the  men  who  had  fled  to 
the  woods,  the  vessels  sailed  liearing  three  thonsaiul  souls 
rrom  home  and  native  land  to  various  points  along  the  coast 
in  what  is  now  the  United  States.  To  })reclude  a  return  the 
houses  about  Grand-Pre,  certainly,  were  burned,  but  elsewhere 
the  work  seems  to  have  hi  en  less  complete. 

The  go/ern^  lent  at  Halifax  had  now  its  will.  The  mass 
of  the  Acadian  settlers  had  beer,  driven  from  their  liomes,  the 
houses  and  barns  had  been  fired,  and  the  stock  slaughtered 
or  left  to  become  wild.  The  scattered  remnant  of  the  farmers 
and  fishermen  were  biding  in  the  Avoods,  or  had  hurried  to 
the  Iiulian  camps,  or  else  had  taken  refuge  with  the  French 
\i}uui  the  St.  Laurence.  The  ricli  dike  lands  lay  withont 
care,  the  orchards  were  ol'  no  use  to  num,  the  uplands  bore 
no  crops.  Some  of  the  fairest  spots  Nature  had  planted  upon 
the  Atlantic,  rendered  fairer  by  the  inn)rovements  of  man 
for  nu)re  than  a  century,  were  now  relapsing  to  wilderness 
because  of  neglect.  Settlers,  therefore,  were  earnestly  looked 
for,  -  settlers   whose    allegiance    should    be   undoubted,  and 


8 


The  emiouation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


■wliose  rlo'lit  arms  iTiit>lit  ever  be  ready  for  service  in  the  wars 
of  JJiltaiii. 

The  Home  Government  (k^slred  tliat  the  vacant  hinds 
shoukl  be  distributed  amon*;-  disbanthd  sohliers,  but  Govern- 
or Lawrence  strenuously  o[)|)ose(l  this.  A  soldier  hiniself, 
he  niaintained  that  no  class  of  ])ersons  was  by  previous  train- 
ing so  unfitted  to  become  the  founders  of  a  new  country  as 
soldiers.  Every  soldier  who  had  come  to  Halifax,  he  added 
fiom  his  personal  ol)servation,  had  either  returned  to  Eng- 
land or  bcc<nne  a  chamseller.  The  new  settlers  must  be  men 
of  a  different  type. 

To  this  sensible  remonstrance  the  Lords  of  Tra(U»  accedc^l. 
Governor  Lawrence  was  left  free  to  ])ursne  his  own  plans  for 
the  peopling  of  the  desj)oiled  farms.  With  excellent  judge- 
ment the  Governor  turned  for  hel[)  to  the  stout-hearted  colo- 
nists at  the  southwest,  by  whosc^  ^alor  and  ])erseverance  so 
much  of  the  work  of  winning  new  France  for  the  liritish 
Crown  had  Ixhii  accomplished.  A  proclamation  was  adopted 
in  Council  Oct.  12,  1758,  relating  to  the  settlement  of  the 
vacated  French  lands.  Printed  descriptions  were  circulated 
jn  which  the  advantages  of  the  soil  were  highly  })raised. 

The  Governor  annoujiced  that  he  was  ready  to  receive 
proposals  for  the  settlement  of  tliis  legion,  containing  '*  one 
hundred  thousand  acres  of  intervale  plow  lands.  ])roducing 
wheat,  rye,  barley,  oats,  hemp,  Hax,  etc.,  which  have  been 
cultivated  foi-  than  a  hundred  years  past  and  never  fail 
(){'  crops  tior  need  manuring.  Also  more  than  one  hundred 
thousaiul  acres  of  upland,  cleared  and  stocked  with  Paiglish 
grass,  planted  with  orchards,  gardens  etc.  These  lands  witli 
good  husbandry  ])rodnce  often  two  loa<ls  of  hay  to  the  acre. 
Th(!  wild  and  unimproved  lands  adjoining  to  the  above  aic 
well  tind»ered  and  wooded  with    beech,  black  birch,  ash,  oak, 


Thk  EMiGiizVi'ioN  I'o  Nova  Scotia. 


9 


lie   wars 

It  hinds 
Lr(fveni- 
tiinsi'll', 
U  tiuin- 
liitry  as 
added 
U)  Eiig- 
hc  wwn 

ans  for 
judo-e- 
ld (•(»!(»- 

llltH'    SO 

iHritish 

hioptcd 
of  the 
idated 

id. 

Ii'cccivc 
■*  one 

iliicilio 

(1    fail 

111  d  red 

ai^lish 

lis  with 

le  iicn\ 

live  are 

I,  oak, 


j)ine,  lir  etc.  All  these  lands  are  so  intermixed  that  eveiy 
single  farmer  may  have  a  proportionate  quantity  of  plow  laud 
glass  land  and  wood  land,  and  all  are  situaied  about  the  Bay 
of  Fundi  upon  rivers  navioahlc  for  ships  of  Inirthen." 

'.riiroughout  New  England,  and  especially  south-eastern 
New  England,  this  flattering  proclamation  exeited  great  in- 
terest. There  were  enough  old  soldiers  of  the  French  Wars, 
who  had  seen  service  at  Lo.uishurg  and  Fort  Cinnherland,  or 
had  been  the  agents  in  expelling  the  Acadian  farmers,  to 
confirm  hy  word  of  mouth  the  aecuraey  of  the  statements 
made  in  the  ])roclamatiou.  Consequently  the  Nova  Scotian 
agent  at  Boston,  Thomas  Hancock,  (  the  uncle  of  John  Han- 
cock of  Revolutionary  fanu^  ),  then  the  ri<'hest  and  most  in- 
Hueiitial  merchant  of  the  town,  soon  had  several  projiositions 
to  submit  to  Governor  Lawrence.  There  were  numerous  set- 
tlers ready  to  come,  but  as  the  jiroc!  unation  had  been  silent 
on  all  points  except  the  quality  of  the  land,  his  Excellency 
was  required  to  state  in  explicit  terms,  the  nature  of  the  con- 
stitution, the  protection  to  be  afforded  to  the  civil  and  relig- 
ious liberties  of  the  subject,  and  the  extent  of  the  elective 
franchise  of  the  peoj>!e.  There  had  been  too  much  of  stern 
conflict  u}>()n  these  points  by  the  people  of  New  England  for 
such  c(uisiderations  to  be  ignored. 

Their  answer  was  soon  ready  for  them.  Jan.  11,  17r)9, 
Governor  Lawrencre  sent  forth  from  the  Council  Chamber  at 
Halifax,  a  second  ] u<»cl a i nation,  -  a  most  important  stat(;  pa- 
per, which,  as  it  contains  the  .solemn  assurance  of  the  Gov- 
(■rnment  .on  the  [loints  named  above,  has  been  not  inaj>tly 
styled,  says  ,ludg«'  Ibiliburton,  the  Charter  of  Nova  kScotia. 
It  is  worth  (putting  in   full. 

2 


10 


ThK    EMIGUATION    TO    NoVA    ScOTIA. 


"  By  his  ExeelU'u  y  Cliuikvs  Lnwrenco,  K.s<j[.,  Cuptaiii  Gen- 
eral and  Goveriior-in-chiet',  in  and  over  liis  Majesty's  Prov- 
inee  of  Nova  Seotia,  or  Acadia,  in  Ann-rica,  Vice  Admiral 
of  the  same,  etc.,  etc. 

•'  Whereas  since  tl»e  issui)i<>'  of  tiie  prochmuition  dated  the 
12tli.,  day  of  Oct.  1758,  relative  to  settlino-  the  vacant  lands 
in  this  Frovince,  I  have  heen  informed  by  Tliomas  Hancock, 
Esq.,  Agent  for  the  affairs  of  Nova  Scotia,  at  Boston,  that 
snndry  a))plications  have  heen  made  to  him  in  consequence 
thereof,  hy  persons  who  are  desirous  of  settling"  the  said 
lands,  and  of  knowing  what  [)articnlar  encouragement  the 
Government  will  give  them,  whether  any  allowance  of  ])rovi- 
sions  will  he  given  at  their  hrst  settlement,  what  (piantity  of 
land  will  he  given  to  each  person,  what  quit  rents  they  are 
to  pay,  what  the  constitution  of  the  Government  is,  whether 
any,  aiul  what  taxes  are  to  he  paid,  and  whether  they  will  he 
allowed  the  free  exercise  of  tluMr  religion  ?  1  have  therefore 
thought  fit,  with  the  advice  of  his  Majesty's  Council,  to  issue 
this  proclamation,  hereby  dechuing,  in  answer  to  the  said 
enquiries,  that  by  his  Majesty's  Royal  instructions,  I  am 
em}>()wered  to  make  grants  on  the  following  proportions: 

That  townshi})s  are  to  consist  of  one  hundred  thousand 
acres  of  land,  that  they  do  include  the  best  and  most  profit- 
able land,  and  also  that  llu  v  do  ((imiiiehcnd  such  livers  as 
may  be  at  or  near  suth  settUnu'ut  and  to  extend  as  far  up 
into  the  Country  as  conveniently  may  be,  taking  in  a  necessary 
])art  of  the  sea-coast.  That  the  quantities  of  land  granted 
will  be  in  proportion  to  the  abilities  of  the  planter  to  settle, 
(ultivate,  and  enclose, the  same.  That  (sue  huiulred  acres  of 
wild  wood  land  will  he  allowed  to  (;\('ry  j)erson,  being  master 
or  mistress  of  a  family,  for  himself  or  herself,  and  fifty  acres 
for  every  white  or  bhu  k  num,  W(!uuin,  or  child,  of  which  such 


The  kmusration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


11 


icn- 

'rov- 

Inil'ul 

tlie 

Muds 

lock, 

that 

iiice 

said 

llic 

liovi- 

|v  of 

arc 

11  Im 
lore 
Issue 
Isald 
am 

,;ind 
|(.  lit- 
is as 
Ir  It}) 
Isavy 
htod 
|t(le, 

I'S   of 

[stcr 
uuli 


IKTson's  I'aniily  shall  lonsist  at  the  actual  timo  of  maUinf^  tlio 
oraiit,  subject  to  the  payment  of  a  quit  rent  of  one  slii]lin<»; 
storlinj^  per  annum  for  every  fifty  acres;  such  quit  lent  to 
<<)nin>ence  at  the  expiration  of  ten  years  from  tlie  date  of  eacli 
<;rant,  and  to  be  ])aid  for  Iiis  Majesty's  use  to  his  Receiver 
General,  at  Halifax,  or  to  his  Deputy  on  the  spot. 

"  That  the  grantees  will  be  obliged  by  their  said  grants  to 
plaut,  cultivate,  in)})rove,  or  enclose,  one  third  })art  of  their 
lands  within  the  space  of  ten  years,  another  thiid  [)art  withiu 
the  .space  of  twenty  years  and  the  remaining  third  part  within 
the  .space  of  thirty  years,  from  the  date  of  their  grants.  Tliat 
no  one  person  can  possess,  more  than  one  thousand  acres  by 
grant,  on  his  or  tiwyj:  own  name. 

"  That  every  grantee,  upon  giving  proof  that  he  or  she  has 
fulfilled  the  terms  and  conditions  of  his*  or  her  grants,  .shall 
be  entitled  to  another  grant  in  the  proportion  and  upon  the 
couditions  above  mentioned.*^  That  the  Government  of  Nova 
Scotia  is  eon.stituted  like  those  of  the  neighl)onring  C(donies; 
the  Legi.slature  con.sisting  of  a  Governor,  Council,  and  Hous(» 
of  AsseK.bly,  and  every  township,  as  soon  as  it  shall  consist 
of  fifty  families,  will  be  entitled  to  send  two  Representatives 
to  the  General  Assembly.  The  Courts  of  .Justice  are  also 
constituted  in  like  manner  with  those  of  the  Massachusetts, 
Connecticut,  and  other  Northern  Coh)nies.  "That  as  to  the 
article  of  religion  full  liberty  of  con.science,  both  of  his  Ma- 
jesty's royal  in.structions  and  a  late  act  of  the  General  As.sem" 
Iv  of  this  Province,  is  .secured  to  persons  of  all  persuasions. 
Papists  excei)ted,  as  may  more  fully  appear  by  the  following- 
abstract  of  the  said  act,  viz  :  - 

'  Protestants  dissenting  from  the  Churt-h  of  England, 
whether  they  be  Calvinist.s,    Lutherans,    Quakers,  or  under 


A 


12 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


what  flenominatlon  soover,  shall  have  free  liberty  of  conscienee^ 
and  may  erect  and  build  Meetinjr  Houses  for  public  worship, 
and  may  choose  and  elect  Ministers  for  the  carrying'  on  divine 
service,  and  administration  of  the  sacr.'iment,  according  to 
their  several  opinions,  and  all  contracts  made  between  their 
Ministers  and  congregations  for  the  support  of  their  Ministry, 
are  hereby  declared  valid,  and  shall  have  their  full  force  and 
effect  according  to  the  tenor  and  conditions  thereof,  and  all 
such  Dissenters  shall  be  excused  from  any  rates  or  taxes  to  be 
made  or  levied  for  the  support  of  the  Established  Church  of 
En  aland.' 

"  That  no  taxes  have  hitherto  been  laid  upon  his  Majesty's 
subjects  within  this  Province,  nor  are  there  any  fees  of  oftice 
taken  upon  issuing  the  grants  of  land. 

"  That  I  am  not  authorized  to  issue  any  bounty  of  provis- 
ions ;  and  I  do  hereby  declare  that  I  am  ready  to  lay  out  the 
lands  and  make  grants  immediately  under  the  conditions 
above  described,  and  to  receive  and  transmit  to  the  Lords 
Commissioners  for  Trade  and  Plantations,  in  order  tliat  the 
same  may  be  laid  [before  his  Majesty  for  approbation,  such 
further  proposals  as  may  be  offered  by  any  body  of  people, 
for  settling  an  entire  township  under  other  eonditions  that 
they  may  ctmceive  more  advantages  to  the  undertakers. 

"  That  forts  are  established  in  the  neighborhood  of  the 
lands  proposed  to  be  settled,  and  are  garrisoned  by  his  Majes- 
ty's troops,  with  a  view  of  giving  all  manner  of  aid  and  pro- 
tection to  the  settlers,  if  hereafter  there  should  be  need. 

Given  in  the  Council  Chaujber  at  Halifax,  this  11th.,  day 
of  January,  175J),  ij>  the  32nd'  year  of  His  Majesty's  reign. 

(  Signed.  )  CHARLES  LAWRENCE.  " 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


13 


The  significance  of  this  document  in  one  respect  must  have 
struck  the  attention  of  all  who  are  Rhode  Islanders  in  spirit ; 
1  refer  to  its  lofty  sentiments  with  reg*ard  to  liherty  of  con- 
science. The  inhabitants  of  Nova  Scotia  in  succeeding  pi*- 
riods  have  had  reason  to  be  grateful  to  these  colonists  of 
1760  for  having  elicited  such  satisfactory  pledges  from  the 
royal  government  that  no  abridgement  of  their  religious  priv- 
iliges  shoidd  be  suffered  in  consequence  of  their  removal. 
And  Governor  Lawrence  himself  bnilded  better  than  he  knew 
when  he  gave  his  sanction  to  measures  so  liberal.  The  single 
exception  to  complete  religious  toleration,  -  in  the  case  of 
the  Roman  Catholics,  -  was  never,  so  far  as  I  can  learn,  made 
practically  grievous  to  any  individuals.  Certainly  there  have 
always  been  French  Catholics  within  the  province  and  con- 
siderable emigrations  of  Scotch  and  Irish  Catholics  have  at 
times  been  encouraged.  The  spirit  of  the  community  has 
been  tuned  to  a  key  even  higher  than  the  letter  of  their  an- 
cient law. 

The  proclamation  of  Governor  Lawrence  was  favorably 
received  in  New  England,  .and  led  to  active  steps  toward 
emigration.  In  April,  1759,  agents  from  a  number  of  per- 
sons in  Connecticut  aiul  Rhode  Island  who  designed  to  be- 
come settlers  on  the  Bay  of  Fundy  came  to  Halifax.  They 
were  Major  Robert  Dennison  and  Messrs.  Jonathan  Harris, 
Joseph  Otis  and  James  Fuller  from  Connecticut,  and  Mr. 
John  Hicks  from  Rhode  Island.  A  Council  Avas  held  at  the 
house  of  Governor  Lawrence  at  which  these  gentlemen  were 
in  attendance.  They  put  several  questions  to  the  board  re- 
specting the  terms  of  the  proposed  grants,  and  received  very 
encouraging  answers. 

As  they  were  the  lirst  applicants  they  were  promised  some 
aid  from  government  for   the  poorer  families.     The  vessels 


14 


Thk  kmiguation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


helono'mo-  t()  th(>  Proviiico  were  to  be  at  the  service  of  tli(» 
settlors  to  hrliij;'  tliein  with  their  stock  and  furniture  to  Nova 
Scotia.  Arms  were  to  l)e  su|)nlic(l  for  <i  sniiill  ninnl)cr  and 
protection  hy  hlock  houses  and  jrarrisons.  Furthermore  tin* 
jl^overnnuMit  expressly  ciioaoj.d  that  tlic  scttk^rs  shoukl  not  be 
subjected  to  injjressmcnt. 

The  ajients  were  hij> hly  }>h'ased  with  the  results  of  the  con- 
ference and  desired  to  be  shown  the  lands  u|)on  which  settle- 
ment was  ])r(H)ostid.  They  were  sent  {o  the  l^asin  of  Minas  on 
the  armed  scow  Halifax,  attended  l)y  Charles  Moriis,  a  nu^m- 
ber  of  the  Council  and  Chief  Land  Surveyor  of  the  Province. 
An  ofhccr  (d'  artilUry  with  eioht  soldi^^rs  served  as  g^uard  for 
the]>arty. 

In  May  the  a<>erts  rctnrne<l  to  Halifax,  after  having' viewed 
the  vaeant  lands  from  which  the  French  fanners  had  so  rude- 
ly been  torn.  So  well  satisfied  were  they  with  tlieir  iijspect- 
ion  that  innnediate  arrani»enu'nts  Avere  made  to  secure  th(^ 
grants  of  land.  The  four  gentlemen  from  Connecticut  who  rep- 
.reseuted  1330  sigiuMs  to  an  agieemcnt  for  settk-ment,  jiroposcd 
to  take  uj)  a  township  adjoining  the  river  Gasp«»reaux  inclu- 
ding the  great  marshes,  the  Grand  Pre  of  Tiongfellow's  story, 
and  constituting  the  present  townshij)  of  Florton.  This  town- 
ship) of  loo. 000  acres  was  to  be  given  in  fee  simple.  Fubject 
to  the  proposed  (piit-rent,  to  200  families.  Plock-houses  were 
Avere  to  be  built  an<l  garris<uuMl  for  their  (lefenc<'.  Fifty 
fannlies  of  the  number  were  to  have  from  goverinnent  an  al- 
lowance <d'  one  bushel  of  corn  to  each  person  per  nu)nth  or 
an  equivak>nt  in  other  grain.  Ihis  was  to  continue  for  one 
year.  These  families  were  also  fui'uished  arms  and  ammuni- 
tion  for  defence.  All  the  people  with  their  nu)vables,  stock, 
etc.,  were  to  be  transported  at  the  expense  of  the  govern- 
ment. 


TmK    EMKJUATION    TO    NoVA^rOTIA. 


15 


If  th(^ 

ot  be 

coii- 
icttio- 
laH  oil 

IllU'Ul- 

ince. 
1(1  for 

luwed 
Inide- 

\v  the 

|)(1SI'(1 
I'oWll- 

Fifty 

laii  Jil- 

litli  or 

n-  one 

liiuini- 

^toclv, 
hvern- 


TIk'IC  was  ?i1h«)  nuxlo  nii  u^iceincnt  for  !;">()  I'ainilics  to  Het- 
tlf  lOO.OOO  acres  <»ii  tlie  river  Canard  to  the*  Avestward  ii])Ou 
tlio  same  terms.  This  townsliij>  was  named  CornvvaHis.  For- 
mal orants  of  Hortoo  and  Cornwallis  ])assed  the  seal  of  tlu: 
Province  on  May  21.  17r>!). 

At  tlie  same  time  Mr.  John  Hi(  ks  from  ]lii()(h»  Ishmd,  and 
a  Mr.  Amos  Fidler  (  possibly  the  James  Fuller  of  Conneetieut 
nanted  above,  though  Murdoeli  gives  the  name  Amos  )  (h- 
sired  the  Governor  and  Council  to  reserve  land  for  them  and 
their  constituents  at  Pisiquid  on  the  north  side  of  the  river. 
(  So  says  Mur(h)ch.  The  settlement  was  made  upon  the  west 
side  also.  )  They  engaged  to  settle  fifty  families  in  175J)  and 
fifty  nu)re  in  1760  on  the  same  ternis  as  were  accorded  to 
Horton  and  Cornwallis.  This  was  agreed  to,  and  July  21, 
17i")l)  a  formal  grant  was  nuule  of  /5().()()()  acres  between  the 
river  Pisi(juid  and  the  town  of  Horton.  Of  this  tract  a  long 
rang(i  of  mountains  foi  ais  the  rear,  a  gradually  sloping  upland 
the  centre,  and  a  border  of  marsh  thefr<»nt.  To  this  township 
the  name  Falmouth  was  given,  and  here  was  the  ''Mue  of  a 
part  of  the  first  settlers  from  Khodo  Ishmd. 

That  siunmer  of  1759  was  not  a  season  of  entire  peace  in 
Nova  Scotia.  During  this  very  month  of  July  a  party  of 
Fjcnch  and  Indians,  about  a  hundred  in  nund;er,  a})peared 
before  Fort  Edward  at  Pisi(piid  and  continued  then*  some 
days,  but  departed  without  an  engagement.  The  same  month 
a  party  of  connnittee  men  inspecting  lands  near  Cape  Sable 
was  fired  upon  by  the  same  or  a  similar  band  of  foes.  Thr(!e 
fishing  vessels  Avere  ca}»tured  off  Canso  by  the  Acadian  French. 
Even  across  the  harbor  from  Halifax  and  Avithin  sight  of  tlu^ 
citadel,  two  j)ersons  had  been  murdered,  while  nund)er8  of 
the  enemy  had  been  seen  lurking  about  Lun«>nb\ng  and  F(n't 
Sackville.      In  view  of  these  facts  the  Government  })ostponed 


.M) 


Thk  kmkjuation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


^ItjJ  iCNV  Hcttlt'iiu'iits  jilon*;-  tlu'  l^isiii  of  Minns  to  the  followiiifr 
epi4ij»'.  But  udditioiial  aetflt'iiu'iits,  chirl'ly  l)y  moii  from 
Massucliusctts,  WJTO  iH'ojf'ctiMl  at  Cliij^iuM-to  and  (yolx-ijnid  in 
tho  north,  and  at  Granvillf  and  Annapolis  in  tlic  south  of  tlu^ 
proviiicc. 

The  succeed iuji;' autumn  Urou<»ht  to  Governor  Lawrence  and 
to  New  Kn*;land  tlie  joyful  tidings  of  the  fall  of  Quehec, 
though  their  joy  was  shadowed  hy  the  death  of  the  «>allant 
Wolfe  at  the  very  inonu'Ut  of  victory.  The  French  wire  not 
yet  wholly  van<juished,  it  is  true,  hut  had  retired  ujion  Mont- 
real. Yet  their  inf!ueiu*e  alonu'  the  lower  St.  Lawrence  and 
in  th(>  Maritime  Provinces  was  nearly  ^on(>.  Within  ei<»ht ecu 
months  thereafter,  therj>  was  conchuled  at  Halifax  a  solemn 
treaty  of  peace  with  the  leadino-  chiefs  of  the  Micmacs,  hy 
which  they  transferred  tju-ii  alle<»i;iiice  from  France  to  F]n<;- 
land,  and  ceased  to  1k!  an  annoyance  to  the  j)rovince. 

The  first  settlers  from  Rhode  Island  arrived  in  \\w  sjtriuL;- 
of  17()().  rialihurton  says  there  arrived  from  Rhode  Lsland 
four  schooners  carrying;'  one  hundred  settlers.  I  am  inclined 
to  think,  however,  that  the  earliest  to  arrive  were  the  ptirsons 
referred  to  in  the  f<dlowino-  document. 


"  List  of  Settlers  hrou^ht  i'nnn  Newport   Rhod<'    Jshunl  to 
Falmouth  Nov,  in  the  Sloop   Sally,   .loiia.    Lovatt.  Master,  in- 
May,  17()(). 


Benjamin  Sanford  &  family 

Nathaniel  Reynclds,  do. 

Samuel  Bentley,  do. 

Janu's  Hervie,  do. 

James  Smith,  do. 

John  Chambernj  do. 

James  Weedon,  do. 


Pen 


SOILS 


7  ' 

.C  S, 

15,  0 

4 

'">, 

0,  0 

2 

"> 

t^y 

10,  0 

5 

(). 

5,  0 

()  — 

1 . 

10,  0 

1    ' 

1, 

T),  0 

6 

'   7, 

10,  0 

TllK    HMKiUATlON    TO   NoVA   SuOTIA. 


17 


I  OS 


liii.-i  S.'iiiiord, 


do. 


Irom 

1 1  id  ill 

>t  tlu' 

i'  iin<l 

lUant 
1'  not 
Moiit- 

Mllli 
lltotni 

loU'inii 
MS,  by 
Knj;-- 

Isluiwl 
Icrsoiis 


|:uul  to 
iter,  in 


ir,. 

<), 

10, 

•^>, 

10, 

•">, 

10, 

.lolm  Ilcrvio 


do. 


1  I 

In  tli(!  whole     .'?/>  persons 


3,   If),  0 
5,  0 


|}.5  persons  at  CI,  H,  0.,  wicli  is    C4I?,  15,  0. 

TlieHe.aro  to  Certify  that  the  above  is  a  true  and  perfect 
list  oi'  tlx!  settlers  bron^ht  to  tlui  township  of  Falmouth  in 
th(»  Sloop  Sally  and  of  the  numbers  of  tneir  families  as  ap- 
pears by  the  of  the  several  [)ersons  therein  nanmd. 

(  No  si«>nature.  ) 

List  of  s(!ttlers  bronoht  from  Newport  in  Rhodo  Island  to 
Falmouth  in  the  Sloop  Lydia,  Sand  Toby  Master,  in  May, 
176  ). 

Henjamin  l?ui'<lin  «fc  family 
Caleb  Lak(i  * 


per 


sons. 


Henry  Tucker 


Ji 


uus 


Mosl 


un- 


to 


(U». 


lo. 


8 


u 


(( 


(( 


2;i  persons  at  £1,  5,  0  each  is  £28,  15,  0  " 
(  The  above  co].y  was  kindly  made  for  me   by  Thomas  JJ. 
^kin>j  Esq.,  of  Halifax. ) 

This  document  i.s  in  tlie  hai)dwritiu<>-  of  Lsaac  Deschanips, 
then  Government  Aj;eut  and  Magistrate  at  Fort  Edward, 
across  the  river  from  the  Rhode  Ishuul  settlements.  He  W{us 
ever  a  firm  frieiul  of  the  Rhode  Lslanders and  often  reiuesent- 
ed  them  in  the  Provincial  Assembly.  Subse(piently  he  rose 
to  the  dignity  of  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
Province.  The  paper  is  evidently  anu'morandum  of  the  bills 
presented  by  the  masters  of  the  vessels  for  services  in  trans-- 
])()rtiuo-  the  immionmts.  An  extended  search  has  thus  far 
failed  to  bring  to  light  other  similar  lists,  which  must  have 
existed.  /  4 


II 
II 


18 


'I'hk  r,Mn;UA'iioN  to  Nova  Si^otia. 


The  iiuiiU'H,  ox{'('|>(  that  of  ('luiinlx'rH,  will  readily  he  recog- 
nized aH  ('(jinin  xi  t'ainily  names  in  tlie  Island  towns  <»f  our 
state  and  tlit*  uiaiidand  towns  near  Ity.  Indeed  tli(>  same  is 
title  of  a  larj^'e  j)i'o|)ortion  of  the  nanu^s  of  persons  to  whom 
lots  were  "granted  in  the  townships  of  Falinontii  and  Newport. 
Tiists  (d'  tlies(»  are  siiiijoined  in  an  ap[>endix.  They  purport 
to  have  heen  made  in  the  first  year  of  settlement,  i)ut  un- 
doid)tedly  eontain  nanus  added  8ul»se(piently  as  new  settlers 
arrived. 

On  arrival  tlio  Kiiode  Island  men  separated  into  two  settle- 
ments, one  on  the  north  side  of  the  I'isi<pii<l  and  St.  (>roix, 
and  tlie  other  on  tln^  west  side  of  the  former  river.  For  a 
year  both  settlements  were  called  Falmontli,  oiw;  l)ein«>' termed 
Kast  Falmouth,  and  the  other  West  Falmouth.  First  let  us 
f(d!ow  the  fortunes  of  the  latter,  which  iinally  had  the  orij»i- 
nal  nam(>  all  to  itself. 

The  first  jnoprictors'  nu>etin<>' was  lu.'ld  .Inne  10,  17()0.  The 
location  is  stlyed  "  Falmouth  on  the  west  side  of  the  IMsipiid 
liver."  The  chairman  was  Shnbacl  Diiuoclv,  a  Ba})tist  from 
Mansfield,  (Connecticut,  who,  lindiiio-  himself  iincomfortal)le 
at  lunne  l)y  reason  of  his  relii;ious  helief,  had  joined  the 
Ivhode  Islanders.  (  II((  afterwards  went  to  reside  at  Newport, 
N.  8.,  wh(r(  lie  died  in  1781  at  tlio  age  of  7.S.)  Tlie  clerk  was 
Aimer  Hall.  Three  committ(H'-men  were  chosen  to  manaj»(^ 
affairs:  VVignal  Cole,  Ahner  Hall,  and  David  Randall.  At  the 
outset  200  acres  were  laid  out  for  a  common,  GO  acres  for  a 
town,  (  i.  e.  a  village  ),  and  a  certain  tract  for  a  puMie  CMue- 
tery.  Each  man  had  a  half-acre  town  lot,  a  six-acre  lot,  a 
ten-acre  marsh  lot,  a  farm  lot,  and  two  wood  lots.  One  of 
these  was  from  100  to  '200  acres  in  size  quite  accessible,  tli(» 
other  contained  about  400  acres   back  on    Hoiton  Mountain. 


!i 


TllR    KMKIUATIOX    TO    NoVA    SrOTIA. 


10 


11 


|of  our 

tinio  Ik 

wlunn 

IwjMU't. 

Import 
lilt  mi- 

K'ttltTS 

Isrtth- 

|(  'roix, 

For  a 

'rnuMi 

llct  us 

<»•'«■»- 

T1m> 
ii:[ui(l 

from 

•table 

'<l  the 

Ivport, 

•k  was 

lina<;(* 

.t  t\w 

for  a 

HMiie- 

|lot,  a 

PlU'  of 

',  tlui 

litaiii. 


Tlic  scttlciiu'ut  ^vvw  st<'a<lily  altl>ou<;li  not  with  the  rapidity 
ol'  th(!  nioro  open  and  h'vol  towns  of  llorton  and  (JornNvaMis. 
In  the  early  autumn  alter  their  arrival,  the  HettleVs  learned 
<il'  the  eapitulation  of  the  Treneh  forees  at  Montreal,  hy  which 
all  I  rospeet  ol'  further  war  was  ])revente(l.  It  was  late  in  the 
season,  how(*ver,  when  the  farnu'rs  had  eonie,  and  the  crops 
for  the  first  year  were  scanty.  Y(!t  hy  tin*  openin^^of  winter, 
th(^  I'residtMit  of  the  (Jo'Micil  coidd  write  to  the  lioard  of 
Trad(!  at  London  thus: 

"  I  have  the  sntisl'action  to  ac(|uaint  y<mr  Lordships  that 
the  townships  of  Ilorton,  Cornwallis,  and  Fahuouth  are 
so  well  estnhlished  that  everything-  hears  a  hopeful  appearance; 


as  soon 


tl 


U'l 


se   townshi[)s  were 


laid 


out  hy 


the  S 


urvevor, 


j)alesaded  (  sie  )  forts  were  erected  in  each   of  th»!n>  hy  order 
f  the  late  Governor  with  room  to  secure  all  the  inhahitaiits, 


o 


w 


ho  were  formed  into  a  militia  to  join  what  troops  coidd  he 
sjjared  to  oppose  any  attempts  that  mioht  h{\  fornu'd  a<»ainst 
ilwAW  hy  Indian  trihes,  which  had  not  then  surrendered,  and 
hodies  of  French  iidiahitants  who  were  hoverinii'  ahout  tlu^ 
coiuitry.  After  the  necessary  hnsiness,  the  proj)er  season 
comin<»-  on  they  wen;  em}>loyed  in  gathering-  hay  for  the  win- 
ter. One  thousand  tons  were  provided  foi"  Horton,  five  hun- 
dred for  Cornwallis,  and  six  hundn^d  for  Falmouth,  and  ahout 
this  ti?ue  they  put  some  corn  and  roots  into  the  ground,  and 
he<>an  to  huild  tlunr  houses." 

(  Charles  Lawrence,  hy  whose  wisdom  and  kind  scjrvices  the 
New  Knglauders  had  been  induced  to  come  to  Nova  Scotia, 
ha(ll:lied  suddenly  in  October,  1760,  before  lie  had  seen  the 
full  fruition  of  his  generous  plans.  ) 

In  Falmouih  the  upland  was  in  very  good  condition  f<U' 
planting  and  was  much  more  extensive  than  the  marsh.  The 
ilike-lands  were  at  this  time  in  very  poor  condition.     Li  1755 


20 


The  KMioiiAiioN  to  Nova  Scotia. 


the  dikes  had  been  cut  in  somo  [)l{ieps  to  discouvaj^c  tho  return 
oF  the  Aeadiaus,  hut  tlie  most  serious  harm  had  ])een  done 
hy  an  extraordinary  storm  in  Novend)er  1759,  which  liad 
ma(h'  breaches  in  nearly  all  the  dikes,  and  overflowed  the 
drained  matshes  with  salt  tides  five  feet  hiuher  than  were  ever 
seen  t'liere  before.  Governor  Lawrence  had  be<>un  repairs 
before  his  death,  and  the  work  was  continued  by  his  successor- 
Sul)s:M|uently  vastly  lar<>or  Jireas  were  reclaimed  by  the  En<»- 
lish  than  tin;  French  had  ever  tried  to  drain. 

Foitunately  we  have  the  means  of  lookino' upon  the  pliysicai 
features  of  Falnioath  with  nuu  h  the  same  vision  as  that  of 
the  early  si^ttlers.  Under  date  of  Jan.  0,  1702,  Charles 
Morris,  the  Chief  Surveyor  previously  mentioned,  made  to 
the  Government  an  -.'xtended  rejjort  upon  the  condition  of  the 
various  townshi[)s  of  th(^  province.  Here  is  what  he  says 
about  Falmouth.  (  Mss.  in  Province  Library  at  Halifax.  ) 

"  This  township  was  oranted  to  (»ne  hundred  proprietors, 
of  which  ei<;hty  families  are  at  pnjsent  settled,  containing- 
.'J5{)  persons.  The  settlement  was  be<»un  in  17(i().  Several 
other  orants  of  the  hinds  adjoinino-  have  been  ^ranted  and 
added  to  this  townshij),  so  that  the  whole  will  consist  of  one 
lunidred  and  fifty  proprietois  or  shaies  This  township  con- 
tains about  2500  acres  of  marsli  land.  [  .ludoc  Haliburton 
sjiys  1184  acres  of  diked  marsh  in  1828.  ]  and  3,00;)  acres 
of  cleared  upland,  the  [)ro[)rietors  havino-  divided  the  cleared 
land  and  improvable  land  into  lots.  It  ann)unts  to  about 
eighty  acres  to  each  share.  The  other  party  of  the  township 
beino-  tlie  termination  of  two  lono-  ranges  of  mountains  is 
broken  mountain  and  ste<'})  precij)ices  and  mostly  unim])rova- 
ble  lands.  Tin  se  iidiabitants  liave  Im[M)rted  larg(>  (piantities 
of  cattle  and  liavc;  this  year  ( ut  liay  srfhucnt  for  supporting 
them,  but  the   excessive  drougl.t   of  the   summer   has  blasted 


The  EMUiUATioN  to  Nova  Scotia. 


21 


turn 

■done 

IkuI 

II  tho 

t'VOV 

[pairs 

'ssor- 
Eiii>- 

•sloai 

[at  Of 
|iarU\s 
|(le  to 

) 

Ictors, 
'ming 
Ivcral 
ll  and 
if  one 
)  coii- 
lurton 
acres 
I  on  red 
|a1)out 
liiKlii[» 
Inns  is 
mova- 
iitities 
Dvtin*;' 
llastt'd 


laost  of  their  corn.  The  river  risi(juid  ninning-  throngh  this 
town  is  navioahle  for  sloops  to  all  the  settlements,  there  l)ein«>; 
lliree  fathom  ui  liigli  water  for  six  miles.  The  town  is  sittia- 
ted  in  the  centre  of  the  settlements.  The  woods  havinu' 
•sulfered  at  the  same  time  as  Horton,  the  growth  of  timher  Is 
.small,  (if  the  same  kind  as  Ilorton." 

Tn  another  place  he  explains  this  last  allusion  as  follows: 

"  In  Ilorton  the  natural  orawth  is  spruce,  fir.  white  birch, 
poplar  and  white  pine.  Th(^  growth  of  tind)er  is  small,  the 
woods  having  been  levelled  by  fire  about  fifty  years  since." 

Tlie  river  Pisi(pild,  now  calh^d  the  Avon,  as  it  Hows  out 
Itctwoen  Falmouth  and  Windsor,  receives  the  St.  Croix.  JJy 
the  union  is  formed  a  broad  basin  s(nne  two  miles  wide,  across 
wliich  at  low  tide  men  have  been  knoAvn  to  wade,  but  which 
at  high  tide  contains  from  fifty  to  sixty  feet  of  reddish  muddy 
water,  liavinj*'  durino"  the  ilood  a  current  inward  strono-  enouuh 
to  bear  "  three-masters  "  up  stream.  To  the  northward  of 
this  basin  a  part  of  the  Rhode  Island  men  had  chosen  their 
fanns  including  the  thirteen  families  who  came  in  the  sloops 
Sally  aiul  Lydia.  Their  first  lauding  place,  now  called 
Avondale,  is  a  flourishing  ship-building  village,  abounding  in 
Rhode;  Lsland  names.  As  we  have  said,  the  settlement  was 
first  called  East  Falmouth,  but  in  ]7()1  it  received  with  the 
formal  grant  of  the  townshi[»,  a  new  name,- Newport,  which 
it  still  retains.  The  traditi»>n  prevails  that  this  name  was 
given  in  honor  of  the  old  home  of  the  settlers  in  Rhode  Lsland, 
but  this  explaui'.tion,  thongh  so  natural,  is  certainly  incorrect, 
i\H  is  shown  by  the  following  letter. 

(  For  a  copy  of  this  letter,  I  am  indebted  to  David  Allison, 
LL.  D.  Superintendent  of  Education  for  Nova  Scotia,  a  na. 
tive  of  Newport,  from  whom  numerous  courtesies  have  been 
received. ) 


22 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


!    I' 


ii 


!  i 


Halifax,  March  IVl,  1761. 


Sin 


(^a])t.  Maloncy,  upon  the  apitlication  of  tho 
Inliahitants  of  Iloitoii  and  Coinwallis,  Is  to  letiiin  to  Now 
London  to  take  in  provisions,  hut  half  his  la(liu<>'.  He  is  then 
to  proceed  to  Newport  to  take  in  provision  for  East  and  West 
Fahnouth.  He  has  orders  to  take  Dr.  EUis  and  family  and 
effects  and  one  Mr.  Mather,  [  this  name  is  somewhat  uncer- 
tain ]  ,  if  they  are  ready. 

The  Inliahitants  of  East  Falmouth  have  petitioned  to  l)e 
set  oil'  as  a  distinct  town  and  it  has  heen  mentioned  in  Coun- 
cil, hut  nothing"  conclusive  done.  There  is  an  ohjection  he- 
cause  of  the  fewness  of  proprietors,  hut  if  they  will  consent 
to  have  an  addition  of  20  rights,  a  sufiicient  (jnantlty  of  land 
heing-  a(hled  to  that  end,  1  helieve  they  nniy  ohtain  it.  1  have 
proposed  to  have  it  named  Newport,  from  my  Lord  Newport, 
a  friend  of  Mi'.  Belcher's,  and  which  I  believe  will  he  agree- 
able to  the  })eo})le  if  they  think  it  will  ht'  of  advantage  to 
them.  1  think  the  ddition  of  20  shares  will  be  no  disad- 
vantage, as  they  have  land.  (Mpiivalent.  You  can  inform 
yourself  of  their. opinion  on  this  head. 

I  shall  endeavor  to  send  the  iron  hy  tlu^  vessel  brinuino- 
the  provision. 

I  am  obliged  to  you  for  the  assistance  you  gave  my  son 
among  the  iidiabitants. 

It  Avill  not  be  long  before  you  will  be  lune  and  then  1  will 
fully  inform  yon  of  the  other  afl'airs,  till  when  1  am,  in  haste, 
Sir,  your  most  obt  servant, 

C.  Morris, 

(  Surveyor  General  ) 
To  Tsj;;ic   Dcsdiamps,     Ksq. 
Fort  ICdwai'd. 


1    i 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


23 


This  saiu(!  o'entleiium  in  the  lejioit  of  Jan.  9,  ]7()2,  pre- 
vionsly  nientiontHl,  gives  a  deseiiption  of  the  58,000  acres  to 
Avliicli  tlie  name  Newport  was  affixed: 

"  This  townshi}),  granted  to  seventy  propiietov.s,  began  its 
settlement  in  1761.  (  He  must  refer  to  tlie  grant  of  17()1. 
The  setth'uient  Ijegan  previous  to  June  17()0.  )  The  present 
number  of  families  is  sixty,  eontainhig  about  240  persons. 
'J'hey  imported  a  sufficient  number  of  neat  eattle  and  have 
this  sunnner  cut  hay  sufficient  for  them.  They  have  also 
raised  a  et»nsiderable  quantity  of  Englisii  grain,  but  not 
<MU)Ugli  to  subsist  them,  being  cut  short  by  the  drought. 
Tli(>y  have  but  little  improved  iaiul  in  proportion  to  the  other 
townships.  It  contains  about  1,000  acres  of  nuirsh  land  and 
()()()  acres  of  cleared  lands.  This  town.ship  contains  in  pro- 
portion to  its  bigness  a  greater  quantity  of  improvable  lands 
than  any  of  the  fore-mentioned  townships.  The  .soil  in  gen- 
eral is  rich  and  great  part  free  from  stones ;  it  is  heavy  tim- 
bered, not  having  suffered  by  fire,  as  the  others  neighbori.ig. 
Its  natural  growth  is  fir,  pine,  spruce,  oak,  beach,  (  sic  )  birch, 
etc.  The  river  Conetcook  runs  through  the  middle  of  this 
township,  navigable  for  sloops  at  high  water  for  ten  miles, 
and  on   the    southern  end  the  river  St.  Croix,   navigable   for 

Four  miles." 

The  names  of  the  grantees  of  Newport  are  given  in  the 
a[)[)endix.  Anu)ng  them  are  a  dozen  or  nH)re  which  are 
])lainly  not  of  Rhode  Island  origin.  It  will  be  rememl)ered 
that  Mr.  Morris  spoke  in  his  letter  of  "  an  addition  of  20 
iii'hts "  to  the  original  settlement.  The  great  mas.s  of  the 
nauies,  however,  are  the  .same  as  are  well  known  now  in  the 
.southern  counties  of  our  .state.  Perhaps  the  nH)st  interesting 
.single  name  is  that  of  "  William  Ilallyburton,"  for  he  was 
the  great-grandfather  of  Judge  Thomiiij  C.  Ilaliburton,  the 


24 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


distinguished   Nova   Scotiun    historian   and   humorist,    lu'ttor 
known  as  "  Sam  SHt'k." 

[  Since  it  is  not  generally"  known  that  this  family  is  of 
lUiode  Island  origin,  let  nie  here  insert  a  copy  of  acertilicale 
now  existing-  in  Newjiort,  K.  I.,  which  Is  <'onclusive  on  this 
point. 


"  N(nvp(>rt,  Rhode  Island,    \ 
S(>pteml)er   loth,  17()2.     \ 

This  may  Certil'y  all  it  may  Concern  tlmt  I  the  Suhscrih- 
er  did  sometime  in  the  Fall  of  the  year  17()()  draw  a  menu»- 
randiim  (  f<u' Mrs.  Sarah  Wright  kite  deceased)  of  sev^M-al 
15e(|uests,  &c.,  which  she  was  minded  to  make.  But  any  of 
the  Particulars  I  <lo  not  really  Rcmend»er. 

VVllliani   Hallyhurton. 
I  further  add,  the  said  Memorandum  was  drawn  at  the  Re- 
quest and  Desire  of  the  said  Sarah  Wright. 

Newport, 
Sept.  ]5th  day,  A.  D.  17('2. 

Personally  a])peared  tin;  ahove-jiamed  William 
Hallyhurton  and  made  SoUmn  Oath  to  the  Truth  of  the  ahovo 
said  Evidence  and  Sisined  the  sam(\ 

Taken  and  Sworn  to  the  Day  and  Date  ahove  said. 


New])ort    I 
to   wit.      ( 


Bef 


ore  me 


John   Davis  Jr^, 
.lustlce  of  the  Peace 


It  is  interesting'  In  this  connection  to  note  that  amoim' 
tho*'  who  ren>ov(Kl  to  Halifax  from  New])ort,  R.  I.,  at  the 
close  of  the  Revolution,  was  a  Dr.  John  llalihurton,  father 
of  the  late  Sir  Brenton  llalihurton.  Chief  Jiistic(»  of  Nova 
Scotia  at  his  death  in  18();').   ] 

The  records  of  Newjxut,  still  extant,  show  the  same  ])ro- 
cedure  in  general  as  on  the  other  side  of  the  river.  The  pro- 
l)rietors  held    their  first  meeting-  ou    June  1),  17(50,  one  day 


"^^ 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


25 


{'.ulicr  than  at  Faliuoutli  proper.  James  W('e<li'n  was  clioscii 
iiKxloiiitor  and  Zciohalx'l  Waistcoat  clerk.  Captain  Edward 
York,  .Iose[)h  Bnley  and  Bcnjannn  Sanford  were  cliosen  a 
committee  to  regidatc  allairs.  A  month  lat^'r  tliey  ran  out 
*■  town  lots,"  providin<>^  for  a  eom[)act  village  at  wliat  is  noAv 
Avondale.  Suhsecpiently  otlier  villages  liav(^  sprun<;'  up,  but 
none  of  lar<»e  size.  The  neii;h})orin^"  town  of  Windsor, 
<lusterino'  ahont  Fort  Edward,  hecame  the  husiness  centre 
I'or  Newj)ort  and  Falmouth,  as  well  as  for  its  own  township. 
The  settlers  at  Newport,  as  also  at  Falmouth,  made  j)rovision 
for  a  school,  anil  for  relioion,  in  their  division  of  lauds. 
Piach  {)ropri<'t<u-  appears  to  have  had  by  allotment  .some  500 
acres,  paitly  marsh,  partly  upland,  an<l  larj>ely  woodland,  bo- 
sides  six  acres  iu  the  proposed  ''town."  Much  of  this  land, 
liowever,  w;us  not  impi'oved  for  many  years. 

The  township  has  ha<l  a  4pnet  and  peaceful  development 
as  a  farming'  rej^ion,  with  .some  ship  building  and  som(^  (puir- 
ryinf»-  of  "'  plaster."  l^ein*;'  the  nearest  fertile  di.strict  to 
Halifax,  it  has  always  had  a  ready  market  for  such  products 
as  were  neede<l  by  a  puri.son  town,  especially  for  hor.ses  and 
hay.  The  marsh  lands  are  appaiently  of  inexhaustible  fer- 
tility and  the  uplands  of  j)()od  quality.  To  the  s(;ttlers  of 
Uliode  Island  origin  have  been  added  nunierous  others  of 
Kn<;li.sh,  vScotch,  and  Scotch-Iri.sh  descent,  all  a  worthy  stock 
for  the  upbuilding'  of  a  new  country.  Th'*  rjames  of  Mosher, 
Simpson,  Smith,  Sanford,  and  Knowles  are  .still  common  and 
}ir(Miiinent.  The  faces  to  be  seen  on  the  hillsides  are  the  ex- 
i!ct  counterparts  of  those  in  our  own  rural  districts.  Indeed 
in  riding  over  the  }>h'a.sinit  hills  of  both  Newport  and  Fal- 
mouth, everythino'  reminded  me  of  ceitain  parts  of  my  native 
.state,  except  the  beds  (d'  the  rivers.  For  here  we  hav(»  noth- 
ing' like  the  Avon,  the  ancient   Pisiijuid,  at    low  tide,  a  broad 


2G 


The  KMKJUATioN  TO  Nova  .Scotia. 


■:   i 


sl'miy  (liasiu,  I'orty  toiil'ty  feci  (U'c)>,  lined  rvon  wlicic  \Yitli  Ji 
i'('(]»!isli  oo//.'.  It  was  when  ij^iizint;'  on  this  siicctaclc  from 
Windsor,  that  Chailcs  Dudley  Warner  dt'darod  that  he  never 
jin(h>rsto()d  before  liow  much  water  iulded  to  n  river. 

llieieis  htlll  a  tliiid  ti.AM  sl.ij)  <  u  tie  I'ay  of  Fiindy 
which  liad  i(s  ori<;in  in  a  colony  from  I^ImmIo  Island,  l)ut  of 
this  1  cannot  speak  at  length.  It  is  the  town  of  Sackville  in 
Now  Brunswick,  lying"  on  a  ]iart  of  the  famous  Tantemar 
marslu  s,  "  (lie  <;ianary  (if  Nova  h'cotia."  Some  twenty  fivi? 
families  had  settled  there  in  the  sumnuM'  of  17(')1  and  tlu^ 
other  j;Tantees  were  (Xpected  hy  Mr  ^lorris  to  arrive  iu  the 
sj)rin«'  of  17<)2,  as  many  of  them  had  heen  down  th(»  |)revious 
year  t(»  huild  houses  in  j>re])aration  for  their  families.  Then* 
is  at  Ilidi'ax  in  the  Province  Lihary  a '•  List  of  the  Suh- 
Hciiheis  for  the  'J\»wuslii|»  lyin^'  on  the  Tantemar  lliver, 
Ke|ir<S(iited  hy  IJenjamin  'i'hurher,  (■y]>iian  Sterry,  and 
Edmund  .Tenckes  from  Piovithiuc  in  lihodisland,""  which 
list  is  given  in  the  appendix.  The  lod  i)i»nu>s  ujton  it  are 
iH'arly  all  common  in  tlu^  northern  towns  of  Kluxle  Island. 
Prohahly  nutst  of  tlicni  represent  actusd  s<'ttlers,  ^vho  were  at 
Sackville  lor  a  tinu',  if  not  permam-ntly.  For  the  sotllemont 
at  this  point  had  u  somewl-v'i,  ddl'crent  hist(U'y  from  those  of 
Avhidi  \\i'  have  spoivcn.  There  was,  for  instance,  a  whole 
Paptist  (  liurcli  in  Swansea,  Massaclinsetts,  that  eminrated 
Ixxlily,  under  the  leadership  of  the  pastor,  Nathan  jVFason,  to 
Sackville  in  ITdl)  and  after  a  residenc*'  there  <d' eight  years 
returned  to  its  foinu'r  ahode.  MoKover,  when  the  Wai-  for 
lnde]»endence  broke  out,  many  of  the  settlers  at  Sackville  and 
Cundxrland  sympalhiju'd  so  strongly  with  their  brethren  in 
the  r(V(.ltIng  (olonies,  that  they  joined  the  ])atiiots  in  nrn.s, 
and  in  < oiiscquc  n(  e  h  t-t  their  liomes,  as  the  Province  re- 
mained loyal  to  King  George.      Y(  t,  1  am  told,  the  majority 


TT* 


The  rmig ration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


27 


of  the  population  of  tlic  township  today  is  of  Now  Kn^land 
ancestry.  As  1  vodc  through  Sackvillc  upon  the  train,  1 
oot  a  oliiusi'  of  Mt.  Alhson  Univ«'rsity,  and  Mt.  Allison 
Ladies'  College,  institutions  for  hiolicr  education,  wliich  (r\\i\ 
some  hint  of  the  pros])erity  of  the  township  and  of  the  type 
of  eharaeter  prevailino-  anjong'  its  resicU'uts.  Rhode  Island 
has  no  reason  to  he  ashamed  of  her  representatives  at  the 
head  of  the  Bay  of  Fundy. 

Of  individual  reminis<;enees  relating"  to  the  period  of  tlu; 
immioration  of  17()(),  little  ean  now  l)e  ohtained.  Not  many 
of  that  first  veneration  hecanie  pronunent  ahove  their  fellows 
u\  matters  that  have  interest  for  sueeeediu«»"  o(>neiations. 
There  was,  indeed,  hat  one  of  the  Khode  Island  settlers  whom 
1  should  care  to  f(dlow  personally  in  this  paper,  and  in  that 
one  1  hope  to  lind  you  sharino'  a  hearty  interest. 

His  name  was  Henry  Alline.  (  As  to  spelling',  the  name  is 
variously  written  Alline,  AUin,  and  Allen.  )  Altl-ouoh  he 
died  ;)f  eonsum])tioiu  Jit  the  early  age  of  'M')  years,  he  had 
meantinu'  rev(dutionize(l  the  religious  eon<lition  of  his  adopted 
land  and  liad  cleared  the  way  for  nu^n  of  a  diflc^rent  type  to 
huild  stronii'  and  sure.  Indeed  his  services  had  earned  for 
him  the  title  of  the  Whitefield  of  Nova  Scotia. 

Ileiny  Alliiu'  was  horn  in  Newjiort,  R.  1.,  .Iniu;  14,  1748. 
ili^:  father  and  mother,  William  and  Rehecca  Alline,  apj)ear 
not  to  have  htsen  of  the  Rhode  Island  family  of  similar  name, 
hut  hy  their  son  are  said  to  have  heen  horn  and  brought  up 
in  Boston,  where  he  had  numerous  relatives.  The  hoy  Henry 
•was  hut  twelve  years  old  on  that  summer  in  ]7()0  uhen  with 
his  father's  family  he  clambered  over  the  sloop's  side  and 
landed  in  the  red  mud  of  the  Pisiipiid  at  Fahnouth.  In  his 
journal,  marvellously  c<mstructed  iji  a  short-hand  that  is  well 


Ml 


28 


The  kmtcratton  to  Nova  Spotta. 


u\rrh  a  cipher,  ho  has  told  us  how  hishoyish  fears  wen'  stirred 
hy  i\iv  t're(jiieiit  niiiUMH  tliat  the  Indians  were  ahoiit  risin<»', 
and  l>y  the  oc  easionid  eoniint;"  <d'  the  iMieniiics  tln'mselves,  witli 
their  t'aees  made  hich'ons  l»y  war  ])aint,  to  declare  that  th« 
Enolish  shoidd  not  settle  in  their  count r\.  . 

At  an  early  a^e  he  heeanie  the  snhjeet  of  very  strono*  re- 
ligions impressions.  Fear  of  death  and  the  jn«l<»('nient  con- 
stantly hamited  him.  Vet  for  twenty  years  he  lived  a  misera- 
hie  life  under  the  tenors  of  the  law  and  the  hish  oi'  an  aeeus- 
in<>'  conscience,  hut  stnhhorn  and  unyielding-.  In  his  twenty- 
seventh  year  foi-  the  first  time  he  ohtained  li^lit  ai»d  learned 
to  hope  in  ('hrist.  'Phroiioh  tlu' juayerful  study  of  the  hihle, 
and  the  readin<»'  of  relioious  hooks,  he  then  ohtained  more 
correct  views  of  his  own  character,  and  tin*  disj)osition  of  God 
to  save  repentant  sinners.  When  finally  enahled  to  rest  iirni- 
ly  u})on  the  atonement  of  .lesus  Christ,  his  joy  in  the  [)osse.s- 
sion  of  pardon  hecanui  as  intense  as  his  depression  under  a 
sense  of  <»uilt  had  pieviously  heen.  •'  Oh!  the  astonishing'  won- 


(leis  o 


f  II 


IS  i»race. 


lie  exclanuec 


a 


aiK 


Itl 


le  ocean  o 


f  red 


eeui- 


in<>'  love.  Millions  and- millions  «)f  praise  to  Iiis  nanu* !  And 
oh!  the  unspeakahle  wisdom  ami  heauty  of  the  j»lorions  plan 
of  life  and  salvation."  The  emotional  type  of  his  reli<»ious 
life,  so  evident  In  these  (juotatiiuis,  was  never  chan<>e(l.  It 
was  the  key  at   once  to  the   extent    and    the   character    of  his 


AV 


hoh. 


wo 


rk 


At  this  time  he  attemjtted  to  take  ]>assai;('  for  New  Eng- 
land in  order  to  secuie  the  education  necessary  to  enahle  him 
to  preach  the  oospcl.  It  was.  however,  at  the  outhveak  of 
the  Uevolution.  and  connnunication  was  not  easy.  He  re- 
turned to  Faluiouth  ami  soon  counnenced  to  a<ldress  his 
Iriends  and  iu'i<»hl)ors.  For  three  years  he  jireached  almost 
daily,  conlinini;'  his  meetings  to    the   neighhoring'   townships, 


The  emiouatiox  to  Nova  Scotta. 


29 


Ivitli 
the 

k  ro- 
jcon- 

M-llH- 

[iity- 
ncd 
\\h\o, 
Inoif 
God 
mrni- 
lisscs- 
llcr  a 
woii- 
M'*'ni- 
And 
jtlaii 
|oi()us 
.      It 
ofhis 


\< 


^  "  rl 


him 

kik  of 
Ic  n- 
kss  his 
lihnost 
jbhijis, 


and  nuM'tino-  \\\\\\  iiunli  liaidsiii])  and  <»j>position.  In  1770 
he  was  rcoiilarly  oi(laiiM'<l.  and  llicroaf'tor  roainod  thiounh 
the  l('n<;tli  and  l)i('adth  of  the  lower  provinces,  on  hor.st'l)iU'k 
in  Hninnicr  and  on   snowshocs  in  winter,   visit ini>    cverj  Eng- 


lish 


<r 


1  sj»('akinf»'  sctthincnf.  and  ovorywhcic  aroiisni<j;  nitcnso 
<'X('it('nu'nt,  which  took  practical  form  in  hrcakino  np  old 
church  cstahlishmcnts  an<l  formin};  now  societies.  In  Au«»nst 
178Ii,  l>e  f»>nnd  hiniself  doomed  f<tr  the  j»rave,  and  starte<l 
n[)on  ;.:  jonrnej  to  New  Kn<;]and  and  a  milder  climate.  On 
the  way  h<'  |»reached  asopportnnity  olTered,  hnt  was  ovj-rtaken 
))V  the  destroyer  while  still  in  New  Hami>shire.  and  died  at 
North  Hampton  in  that  state  Feb,  2,  1784.  withont  haviii 
reached  the  longed  for  refn<»e  with  relatives  at  Boston.  I  lis 
yoiin^  life  seemed  fairly  to  have  hnrned  ont  with  the  inten- 
sity of  its  own  tires, 

Henry  Alline  was  not  an  edncated  man;  nor  yet  was  he 
illiterate,  for  from  the  age  of  nine  he  was  a  devoted  reader 
of  thoiiohtfnl  hoohs.  His  jonrnal  shows  evidence  of  great 
jntcllectnal  activity,  and,  indeed,  of  marked  natnral  gifts  for 
the  pursuit  (d'  [)hilosophy.  Yet  he  wiis  too  fully  absorbed  in 
his  rtdigious  wouk  to  devote  mu(di  time  to  study  or  to  literary 
com[)osition.  Thv  mo.st  im])ortant  of  his  literary  prodnc- 
ti()ns  are  two  Ixxdvs  published  ;ifter  his  death.  The  one  is 
^'  I/f/iiins  (ui(/  ,^//iriftio/  >S'o;/r/,s,"  u  ccdlection  of  nearly  live 
handled  oriiiinal  livmns,  which  had  reacdied  a  third  edition 
in  1707.  The  other  is  his  "'  Lij\'  find  JouriHfl,"  published 
at  Boston  in  18(>().  Both  display  genuine  power,  but  need 
to  be  judged  by  the  standav<l  of  his  day,  rather  than  by  the 
criteria  of  our  own  higidy  favored  age. 

The  first  ell'ect  of  Alline's  religions  etlorts  certainly  ap- 
peared to  be  more  largely  f(»r  evil  than  for  good.  He  broke 
ill  upon  the  settled    congregations   of  the  day  with  a  deter- 


30 


The  kmtoration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


il 


luiiud  putp<»s«'  to  distill  1>  the  existing-  ('(clcsijistii  al  relations 
and  this  ))Uiiiose  was  ac  ( onijilislied,  even  to  j'ainfnl  residts. 
Families  were  divided  ;  old  neighltois  ln(an>e  fierce  eneniii's; 
old  ( Imrelies  became  disintegrated,  and  new  organizations 
took  tiieii-  )daces. 

IJiit  there  were  reasons  why  snch  pioneer  work  in  religion 
was  needed.  The  <  linrihes  of  the  provinces  were  then  a})- 
pj  rently  at  a  very  low  ehh  spiritually.  If  we  may  helieve 
John  ^V  esley,  the  (Icrgynicn  of  the  ("hnrch  of  Kngland  in 
this  region  were  not  all  woithy  of  their  appointnu'nt.  In 
1780  that  divine  wrote  to  the  Bishop  of  Lontlon  as  lollows  : 

"  Yoni'  Lordshij)  observes  there  aic  tln(<'  ministers  in  that 
conntry  (  N(  \vt'oiindIand  )  already.  Tiiie,  my  lord  ;  l)nt 
what  are  thrcc!  to  wat(  h  ovt-r  the  s»)nls  in  that  extensive  conn- 
try.  Suppose  there  were  thrcj'  s((»r((  of  sin  h  missi«)naries  in 
the  country  ;  (onid  1  in  (onscicni c  rel cnimend  these  sonls  to 
their  tare?  Do  they  take  care  (d'  tlu'ir  own  soids?  If  they 
do,  (  I  s])eak  with  concern  )  I  teai'  they  are  almost  the  only 
missionaries  in  America  that  do.  My  lord,  I  do  not  speak 
rashly  ;  I  have  been  in  Anu'ri(a,  and  so  have  several  with 
Avhom  I  hav»'  lately  conversed,  and  both  I  and  they  know 
what  manner  of  men  the  greatest  jiart  of  these  aie.  They 
are  men  who  neithei  haNc  the  power  of  religion,  nor  the  lorm  ; 
men  that  lav  no  <laim  to  piety,  nor  even  decency." 

(  Smith's   Methodism    in   Eastein  IJiitish    America.  ) 

These  are  serious  .statements  to  be  made  by  a  clcrgynuin 
abont  fellow  preachers  in  the  same  connnnnion.  Possibly 
they  did  in)t  apj»ly  to  the  eight  of  this  denoniination  tluMi  in 
Nova  Scotia.  Hut  it  is  certain  that  after  nine  years  of  labor 
along  the  ]5asin  of  Minas,  Kev.  .Iose})h  Bennett,  the  resident 
missionary,  had  but  48  connnunicants  in  a  population  of  fully 
it  thousand  Protestants. 


TifK    KMICIIATION    TO    NoVA    SfOTIA. 


31 


(IMH 

llts. 

Ions 


llUiiU 


'!  1k'  Pii'sUyti'vianism  ol'  that  <lay,  luovcovor,  lackrd  the  lilc 
;iim1  IVrvor  wliitlj  now  ^ixa  it  such  ji<rjjn'ssivt'  zoal.  iMost  of 
tiic  New  Kni'laiid  settlers  arc  said  toliave  Ikhmi  (^oiii»r('{i;ation- 
.ilisfs,  who  had  coiue  out  of  tho   New   Kni;'laiid    chiircljes  at  a 

itiloiis   oanit'stncss  in  them  is  a 


h 


tl 


lime  wlu'ii   the  ai)seii<'e  o 


)f  rel., 
matter  of  well  Known  histoiv. 

On  every  side,  therefore,  AUiue  fonnd  iclioions  apathy, 
iiidlll'erence,  and  fornuility,  where  lie  Nxthed  for  vital  and 
jnaetical  n-lioion.  Social  servicers  were  rarely  hehl.  In  17S2 
one  of  the  solid  men  of  Liveijiool,  N.  S.,  prominent  in  the 
('un«;re«;ational  <lmrch  there,  wrote  in  liis  jonrnal  tints: 
!  ^'mitlJ^s  Methodism  in  Eastern  Hritisli  Ainerica.  ) 

'•  A  religions  jneeting  was  held  at  my  honse  in  the  evenino-; 
I  lar<;t^  conc<ni.r.se  of  people,  1  helieve  nearly  one  linndred  an<l 
fifty,  attended  ;  which   is  till   of  lute  a  very   stran«;"e  thino;  in 


this  place,  snch  a   nu'ctnii;'  Jjavn)j»'  scarcely  Ikmii  known  snu'C 
liie  settlenn'nt  of  it,  till  sin<'e  Mr.  Alline  was  here." 

The  distjirhance  of  these  cold  ami  formal  church  relations 
uld  not  he  an  nnniixed  evil ;  indeed,  it  was  a  necessary  con- 


ed 


ition  ol  o'eninne   I'clioious  progress.     I^ew   men    could   have 


dd    h 


<io 


nethe  work  lu.'tter  than    Alline 


T(»  tl 


w  one  extrenu^  o 


f 


rold  n^ligious  doctrine  heoj>})osed  the  other  extreme  of  feelinj 


His  reliiiion    was  a   religion   of   feelinj 


H 


IS   wntmus  ii'low 


^\ilh  it."  The  ra}»turu  he  had  felt  when  conscious  of  pardon 
lu'  a.ssinncd  to  he  the  test  of  religion  in  hijnself  and  others. 
He  appealed  incessantly  to  the  feelings  of  his  hearers.  *'I[e 
dwelt  upon  the  greatness  and  glory  of  Christ,  his  compassion, 
his  humiliation,  his  hleeding  h>ve,  his  joy  in  saving  sinners; 
or  else  nu>urning  over  the  insensihility  of  those  whom  he  ad- 


!!( 


if 


e  enrorce( 


I 


dress(Ml  lu!  sonjiht  to  alaini  them  into  feelino.' 

his  teachings  with   alT<'ctionate   earnestness,  aiul   throughout 

.•  li  his  toils  and  hardships  displayed  an   elevated  cheerfulness 


i  -■  I 


i*HI 


32 


II  K    KMKiHATH) 


N    TO    N 


OVA    ."^COTIA. 


Ml 


ii\n\  joy.      He  wiis  u  pno^l   singer,   I'l-i  vent  in  pruycr,  uiid  |m»«- 

Tliis   is  I'viiiccd  not 


i1( 


>t'   h 


scHsrd  or  u  coiuoiih  iIow  or  liiii^uam' 
only  l»y  iiis  printrd  scinions,  but  l»y  tlu>l)ook  of  liynnm  wliicli 
ho  conipoHcd.  M.iny  oi'  tlio  youn^'  nion  wlio  ilo(  kcd  to  liini 
an  leader,  and  who  were  convcitcd  and  joini  (i  him  in  th(^ 
ministry,  were  of  tlw  same  type.  I'assin^  fiom  setth-ment  to 
settlement,  "  like  ielit»iou.s  kni^ht-enants,"  tliey  nnuh',  as  was 
natnial,  a  piolonnd  impicsHiitn.  'I'lie  sliimheis  of  tlie  (lunches 
were    thorotmhly    disturhed    and    the    memhers    were    i(>d  to 


active  ( 


IVoit. 


Alline's  doetrinal  views  appear  io  have  been  fra«;njentary 
and  hut  slij«litly  systematized.  He  saw  in  th<'  plainest  nar- 
ratives and  annoiineements  of  Scripture  marvellous  alh'oories. 
II(>  was  indeed  a  mystie,  hut  amid  all  his  extrav.i^anees  of 
opinion  liis  emiiuMit  and  uniform  piety  showed  that  lu^  "  loved 
God  out  of  H  pure  heart  fervently." 

No  distinct  oruanization  now  exists  as  the  result  of  the 
work  of  Alline  and  his  ( (dleajj;ues.  The  movement  was  an 
offshoot  of  the  ^reat  New  Li^ht  movenuiut  which  followed 
the  preadiin*;"  of  W  hitelield  in  Amerua,  and  iii  which  Ilhode 
Island  had  no  small  slmre.  Alline's  fidlowers  wei-e  ^r<uiped 
int(>  ehuKhes  resemhlino-  the  Con^iej^ationalist  bodies  of 
New  England  ;  but  little  attention  was  paid  to  order  or  dis- 
cil)line,  and  as  a  consecjueiKc  thise  or«»anizatioiis  faile<l  to  be 


j)ermanen 


t.      1 


n 


process  of  tinu 


the    I 


aijier   numher   o 


f   tl 


le 


New  Lioh^  j)reachers  and  their  adherents,  who  had  boon 
jiwakened  under  Alline's  preachini^-  and  influence,  beeanu; 
Bajitists  and  were  j^'athered  int<>  cburches  of  that  faith  and 
order.  A  few  becanu'  leaders  amono-  the  Methodists.  Cer- 
tain it  is  that  to  the  ])ioneer  work  of  Alline  and  his  fellow 
laborers  the  l?aptist  denomination  owes  not  only  its  nunuMi- 
cal  j)redon»inance   in   the  fertile    valleys  of  Nova  Scotia,  hut 


TiiK  i:mi<:i{vtion  to  N(>va  Scotia. 


33 


,ils«»  tlu'  oaiiM'Kt,  jutivc  tyjH'  of  practical  religion  wliicli  cliai- 
iutori/.cH  it  in  that  province.  An  appiopriat<'  j^il't,  tlu'icforo, 
was  llcni)   Alllno  from    tiic  l;«n<l  <»l'  .lolm    Claikc   and  Ivo«(cr 


Wil) 


laniH 


to  tl 


ic  colony 


at  tl 


n*  north 


th 


or  tlie  (IcHccndants  «»t'  the  Hhodc  l.shind  t'ovnuU'is  of  Nova 
Scotia,  many  have  honor.ilily  (listin<;nislM'(l  tln-rn-sdvcs  w 
pnhlic  and  conuncrcial  life.  The  nmst  eminent  literary  rep- 
icsentative.s  of  the  hloo<l  no>v  li\ine  are  donhtle.ss  I'homas  IJ. 
Akins,  KciMU'd  Commissioner  at  Halif.ix  and  editoi'  of  the 
Archives  of  Nova   Scotia,  ami    Edward  Vonn<;,   \Jj.   0.,  now 


r,  S.  Consul  at   Windsor. 


S.,  hut  Ion;"-  connect<'d   with 


the  Trea.snry  Department  Wa.^hinoton.  Nicholas  Mosher, 
Hs(j.,  of  Newp(nt,  was  ouv  of  tlu?  [»ion<'er  ship-hnilders  <»f 
Nova  Scotia,  who  represented  his  township  in  the  I.eoislatnre, 
an<l  was  a  man  of  nnist  extensive  inHnence.  'i'iie  N(»rthnj)S 
of  Fnlnio\«th,  have  also  heen  prominent.  Jeremiah,  fheorij^i- 
iial  settler,  was  the  first  uK'mher  of  the  Provincial  Assemhiy 
from  that  townshij).  '  llis  .son  .lohn  was  for  many  years  a 
leadino-  merchant  of  Halifax.  A  grandson  of  the  latter,  tln^ 
late  ilt'remiah  Northnj),  was  Senator  of  the  Dominion  of  Can- 
ada for  Nova  Scotia.  Fichvard  Alhvo,  K.s(j.,  is  an  a<^-ed  and 
prowiinent  hardware  nierthaiit  in  Halifax.      At   Sa<  lv\ille,  the 


(Jescenc 


lants  of  Valentine  Ksterlirool<s  have  ever  heen  nn 


me 


<>ns  and  inHu«'ntial  ;  son\e   thirty   of  the    name    are  now  n[)on 
the  voting;  list.      A  grandson    of  Kli]>halet    Keed  still  iiv<'s  at 


1  he  a<;e  or  ninety  years  and    m<»re,  yto   cnconrag< 


his  t 


wo  sons 


III  their  work  as  Christian  niini.sters.  Dr.  Kdward  A.How.ser, 
the  dlstingnised  ])rofessor  of  mathematics  at  Rutgers  College, 
a  native  of  Sackville,  has  a  Rhode  Island  ancestry.  It  is  now 
t  vident,  also,  that  we  can  add  to  this  list  the  genial  and  witty 
Thomas  C.  Halihurton  who  <lied  in  lS(»i^,  havinj»'  heen  thil- 
teen  years  u  Judge  in  Nova  Scotiii  ami  six  years  a  Memher 


I  i 


; 


■-■  "  'P 


34 


The  KMIGUATI05  TO  Nova  Scotia. 


of  Pai'liameiit  in  London,  t.io  author  of  ''Sam  Slick"  and  also 
of  a  ''  IliKtory  of  Nova  Scotia."  Thus  Rhode  Island  can 
claim  to  hav(!  fuiiiislicd  the  stock  from  which  Canada  has 
developed  her  finest  literary  flower. 

In  closing",  let  me  allude  to  the  interesting-  field  opened  by 
a  knowledge  of  this  emigiation  to  our  IJhode  Island  Genealo- 
gists. The  proprietors'  records  and  prohate  records  rt'lating- 
to  the  three  townships  of  Falmouth,  Newport,  and  Sackville, 
together  wltii  the  lists  of  grantees  and  other  lists  of  various 
periods  found  at  Halifax,  allord  abundant  grouiul  for  research 
respecting  families  and  individuals  who  went  thither.  In 
souu!  cases  there  is  documentary  evidence  concerning-  Rhode 
Islanders  who  never  left  this  colony.  For  exain])le,  on  the 
Falmouth  records  1  found  an  interesting  page  about  a  contro- 
versev  relatinu*to  4o  acres  of  land  in  ('harlcstown.  R.  1.,  in 
which  Capt.  F^dward  York,  of  (almouth,  his  wife  Hannah, 
her  fathei-  ,!ohn  L -rkin,  and  her  brother  .J<dni  Larkin.  ,lr.  all 
figured.  At  Windsor  I  found  a  power  of  attorney  sigiuMl  by 
Chiistopher  Allen  of  North  Kingstown  in  1701.  and  also  the 
will  ol  Edward  Cluin-h  of  Litth'  C(»mpton,  j)robated  the  sanu> 
year.  N<»ne  of  these,  except  dajit.  York  aiul  his  wife,  were 
ever  residents  of  Nova  Scotia.  Occasional  references  a})pear 
to  the  names  of  relativts  in  Rhode  Island.  I  need  not  en- 
large up* HI  the  value  of  such  clues  in  the  search  for  missing- 
links. 

1  must,  in  a  woid  m()r<>,  allude  to  the  aid  rcjidered  mo.  in 
my  hasty  examination  'oy  several  gentlemen  and  one  lady 
upon  the  iuAA.  Tluse  are,  in  particuhir.  Dr.  David  Allison 
and  Mr.  Tlumias  H.  Akins  of  Halifax,  Mr.  ('.  \V.  Knowles 
and  Dr.  Kdwaid  Young-  of  Windsor,  Miss.  .Margaret  Young 
(yf  Falm(>uth,  aiul  Mr.  William  11.  Knowles  and  Rev.  .jolin 
A.  Mosher  of  Newport.  »  These  all,  except  Dr.  Allison,  share 


!i 


Thk  kmiguation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


35 


ill  ii  Kh()(l<^  Island  niifestiY  ;  and  a  1,  without  txreption,  moi- 
it  tlie  kindost  th()u<;lits  of  their  kindred  in  Rhode  Island  for 
iheir  generous  service  to  a  stranger,  who  hore  no  claim  to 
their  favor  save  his  hirth  in  the  citv  of  Roger  Williams,  and 
his  deep  interest  in  the  land  from  which  their  fathers  came. 


APPENDIX. 


1. 

List  of  Porsonri  to  whom  Town  I^ots  wei-e  assigne*!  at  Fal- 
mouth Nov.   15,    17(30.  Taken  from  the  Proprietors'  Records. 

(  It  is  possihle  tliat  some  of  tliese  names  were  added  at  a 
later  date.  ) 


Henr^  Dennie  Densou 

(lenry  Maturin  Denson 
Henry  Matniin  Denson 
'lolm   Den.sou 

'I'iniothy  Sinujilers 
IjUcy  Denson 
Nehemiah    Wood 
Kdw.   Kllis  Watmouth 
■  iunies  H.    Watmouth 
Kdinund    Mii-henoF 
Micliel    Michenor         ) 
Matthew    Michenor      |' 
AlteJ    Mi(  henoj' 


1 

2 

:\ 

4 

5 

() 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 


Joseph   Wils(U>  14 

Jahez  Harrington  15 

Luke  Horswell  KJ 

Joseph  Steel  17 

Perry   Borden  18 

John  Shaver  I9 
Meeting  Minister's  Lot      20 

Alex.  McCullough  21 

Ad'.m  M.'CuHough  22 

Ehenezer  Millet  *23 

George  Lvd(?  24 

Thos.  Akiji          y  25 

Moses  Marst(us^  26 
Martha  Dyer        1 

Edward   York  27 


m 


The  emkskation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


1  ■■ 


Iclmbod  Stoddard 

i>8 

Benj.  Gerrish,  Escp 

()1 

"                ) 

29 

Jonathan  Davison 

(32 

Wigiiul   Cole       j 

Williauj   Shey 

()3 

it. 

'M) 

Jona.   Marsters    --|--~- 
Jesse  (/rossman 

()4 

Thos.    Woodwoitli 

:m 

65 

St<'}>li(Mi    Akin        1 

32 

Benj   Salter 

()G 

.lohii    Lovelass       ) 

John  Meaeham 

67 

Jolui  Sttnde 

:y,\ 

David   Randall 

m 

John   }li<ks 

:u 

Dan'l    llovey.  Jr. 

()9 

Abialuun    Wlietder 

:};") 

Eleazer  Doane 

70 

Constant  Cluirch 

'M\ 

Sam.    Hrow 

71 

Edward   Clmrch 

37 

William   Wooct       1    . 

72 

'1\m(mi(('   Fit/>patrick 

38 

Peter  Shaw            ) 

Bcnoni   Sweet            1 

39 

William  Nevii    Wolesley 

73 

¥a\\\  .   Mamhcstor     | 

Ahr.  Marstt  1        - 

74 

Churcli  of  Enoland 

Lot    40 

Benj.  Hieks 

75 

Walter  Manning;' 

41 

Wni.    Nevil    Wolesley  1-2 

76 

John   Gray 

42 

Fred'k.  Delks  More  ^ 

Benj.   Thurher 

43 

ii 

IS 

Cliri.s.   Dewt»y           ) 

44 

Charles    Proctoi- 

79 

Samuel   Davison       ) 

John    Hieks            ( 

80 

John    Davison 

45 

.John    Ilieks  Jr.     i 

Wi  Ham  Allen 

U) 

St.  .John   Broderick 

81 

Marv    Paysant 

47 

Samuel   Broderiek 

82 

Jan](»s   Wilson 

48 

Amos  Wenuuxn 

83 

]' liter  Shaw 

19 

William  Shey 

84 

Condennied 

50  to  54 

Joseph    Baley       | 

85 

Alex.   Grant 

Ch") 

Edward    York      ) 

J  ere   Norrhuj) 

50 

Dan'l   Greeno 

m 

Joseph    Norrluip 

57 

Benj.   Gerrish 

87 

Davi<l    Hundall         1 

58 

Joseph    Goodini];' 

88 

Cyprian    I)a\ison      \ 

ih'Mj.    .Ntcyei- 

89 

V.  T.   M.ill.-r 

59 

J.    \l.    Muller 

90 

Joseph  Jess 

,    (iO 

Shuhael  Dimock 

91 

N 


The  EMioHATioN  TO  Nova  Scotia 


37 


John  Simpson 

i)2 

William  Clmrcli 

100 

Alex,  (jiant 

9:i 

Fork  of  River 

Diivid   Pake 

i)4 

Zach.  Cluuse 

1 

Condemned 

9;') 

Natli.   Reynolds 

2 

Ahnei-  Hall 

<H) 

Fidw.  Ilnmblehatch 

3 

liarnabas  llall 

07 

Lieut.  DesBarres 

4 

Abner  flail          ) 

98 

.School   Lot 

5 

'i'iiomas  Parker    j 

Henry   Lyon 

6 

Amos  Owen 

99 

John  Almaud 

7 

Grantees  of  the  Township  of  Newport,  N.  S.,  17G1,  as 
entered  upon  the  Proprietors'  Records.  Taken  from  an  ar- 
ticle in  the  Hants  Journal  contributed  by  Mr.  Jbseph  Allison. 


Joseph  Bailey 
Henjaniin  Sanford 
Joshua  Sanford 


H 


enjamni    ueynoids 


K 


)hb 


Caleb  Lake 


unes 


lines 


►Mosl 
Hi 


jer 


irvie 


John   Woolhaber 
I^etei-  Shey 
Samuel    Bentley 
.lames  Smith  — r 
bnnes  Sinipson 
Arnold   Slunv 


8a  n  I 


ue 


All 


)io 


Jonathan  Babcock 
Daniel   Wier 
Jeremiah  Baker 
Silas  Weaver 


J 


xmes 


?nnen 


Card 


icuinr)er 


Levi  Irish,    . 
U'habod  Maeumber 
Cornelius  Potter 


iJ^^U 


Will 


lani 


All 


)ro 


Sanuiel   Brenton 
Benjamin   Wilcocks 
Michael  Fish 
John   Wood 


r^S — rr 


tllfi 


38 


The  KMiGRATioy  to  Nova  Scotia. 


1    : 


Joseph  Sun  font 
Eli.shii  Clark 
John  Shx'uni 
Joiuithan  lioj^ers 
John   Goshee 
Z(M()l)iibh'  VVastfoat 
Robert   Wastcoat 
Honjaniin    I5or<len  . 
llicliard  ('ard 
James    Weed  en 
Stephen  Chapman 
Gill)ert  Stuart 
Joliii   Cliamhers 
John    llarvie 
jeorue  Mnmford 
.John   Sliaw 
Edward    Kllih 
Eneom   Sanford 
Joseph  Straight 
Henry   KnoAvles 
Rol)ert   VVasteoat  Sr. 
Stukely   Wastcoat 
John   JelVers 


Daniel   Dinioik 
James   York 
.Iam(>s  .luhan 
George   Brighti    m 
,)ohn   Woodman 
Jo^e]>li    Wilson 

Edward  (Mmveh d<jLp-U> 

Aicliihald    llarvie 
Sanuiel    Borden 
William  Allen 
William    Hallvhnrton 
Dani«d   Sanford 
Aaron   Bntts 
Moses   I)e   Les   Dernier 
Gideon  De  Les  Dernier 
Peter  lionr<;"eois 
Jonathan  (■ar<l 
Abel   Miehen(M" 
James   Harvie  Jr. 
Isaac   Descliamjjs 
Benjamin    Walley 
vVmos   Walley 


HI. 

"  The  List  of  the  Subscribers  lor  the  Township  Lyino-  on 
Tantimar  Rivei-,  R.e[iresented  by  B(  iijamin  Thurber.  Cvprian 
Sterry  and  Edmund  .links,  from  Providence  in  Phodisland." 
Taken  from  records  in  the  Province  Library  at  Halifax.  The 
date  is  probably  ITdl,  but  ]u)ssil)ly  17()(). 


li  f 


The  emtokatton  to  Nova  Scotia. 


3D 


>Sh 


Jos.  Olfiey 
.lolin  Jent'kes 
Solo.   Wheat 
15e;ii'n    riiuvber 
</yj>iian  Sterry 
Kdiuund  .leneke.s 
David  liurr 
Jo.s.   Tower 
Seth   Luther 
Jno.  Youno' 
Sam  Tliurher 
daeol)   Whitman 
PMmimd  Tripp 
David  Waters 
William   Sheldon 
Dan"l   Wear 
Uicird  Brown 
Yolintine  Easterbrooks 
Oharle.s  Olney 
Tiu.«.  Field 
Tlios.  Bowen 
Jona.    Jenekes 
Step.  Jenekes 
.lames  Olney 
Wm.    Br' \vn 
Sani'l  Lethred^e 
Oershom  1 1  olden 
Sam'l  Cnrrey 
.l<din  Foster 
Sanj'l  Claik 
Nathan   (Ja.se 
Ebeu'r  Robins 


Wm. 

Clark 

Jona. 

Olney 

Wnj. 

Ford 

SanVl 

Wetherb}'^ 

Step. 

Ant^el 

Pelt<>- 

Williams 

Jona. 

Allen 

Peter 

Randal 

John 

Tripp 

Nath 

Day 

John 

Malaverj 

Noah 

Whitman     " 

Nath 

Buekliu 

Noah 

Mason 

Rob't 

Steny 

'   The  al 

)ove 

nn 

Mitioned  name? 

>  for 

On( 

.>  share  and  <a 

47 
23  1-2 

half. 

70  1-2 


Elisha  Hopkins 
Wm.   Waleot 
David  Alberson 
Rob't  Potter 
Dan'l   Wileoeks 
John  Miillin 
Rcd)t  Woodward 
Peter  Batemau 


10 


—  __J» 


^^•^SH" 


40 


The    KMIGRATION    TO    NoVA    ScOTIA. 


Ill 


Daniel   Tliiirln'V 
Daniol  Cahoon 


.lias. 


( 
B 


eiij. 


^3 
( 


moiiH 


loi'inaii 


Joliii   Ilowland 


Natl 


laii 


ciifkos 


David  Tift 


OK. 


15 


vown 


GitU'ou  Smith 
Jos.   ILnvkiiis 
Saiah   Cottle 
Isaac  Cole 
OUediah  Kino- 
Thos.   Woodward 
Rol)'t  Foster 


er 


R 


rownt 


1 


Nath'l    Finney 
John    Dexter 
Ste|)h.   Carpenter 
Levi   Potter 
Ned(!l»iah   Anoel 


lolin 


rowii 


anies 


Si 


uu 
anies 


B 


Fost 
B 


er 


rii»i>s 


oun<»' 


lehabod  Cunistock 


M 
J 


orris 


H 


OS. 


B 


ern 


ni(l(Mi 


Ezra  Hey  ley 
Ohediali   S|)rau|[^e  (  sit*  ) 
Edward  Thurbor 
.John   Olnt'Y 


Sani'l   Toogood 
Jos.   Olney,  Jr. 
Wni.   Whipple 
David    Wilhnr 
Oliver  Casey. 
Elisha  Smith 
Nathan   (Jase  Jr. 
(Jharles  Anf»el 
,los.    Taylor 
01iv(M-    Man 
Moses  Man 
W.   Whipple,  Jr. 
Wni.  Phillips 
Benj.   Robinson 
Jona.    Pike 
Geoio-e   Wear 
Edward   Giles 
John   Smith 
Gilbert  Samons 
Woodbery  Morris 
John    Wiever 
Nehemiah   Sweet 
Stephen    (loodspccd 
Abiaham   Olney 
James  Mnzey 
Jeremiah  Dexter 
William   Jenekes 
Henry    Finch 
Sam'l   Shearman 
\Vm.   Olney 
John   Olney  Jr. 
James  Olney 


The  emiguation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


41 


William  Olney,  Ji*. 

Francis  Swan,  of  Massae 

Cog'ges'.ial  Olney 

Daniel  Ingols,                " 

John  Power 

Johi 

I    Wilson,                " 

Aaron  Mason 

Natl 

I'l  Brown,                « 

Nathan  Jenckes 

Abiel  Fry,                      « 

Freelove  Tucker 

Simon  Fry,                     ** 

B«Mija.  Cousins 

Ben 

isley  Stevens,          " 

Rowland  Sprao'ue 

Rob't  Davis                  " 

Nathan  Giles 

Jer. 

Dexter      erased  ) 

Benja.  Medherry 

Nathanael  Woodward 

* 

Zeph'r  Woodward 

These  single 

James  Jenckes 

shares  each 

William  Emerson 

154 

Chas.  Spanklinj^" 

47 

John  Downer 
Nath'l   Packer 

107 

Thos  Sterry 

70  1-2 

Amasa  Kilbiirn 
Nathan  Sterry 

177  1-2 

Samuel  Mott 

James  Day  of  Massac 

insetts. 

45  first  settlers 

Asa  Foster 

li 

GG     2         do. 

John  Peabody 

ct 

G6     3         do. 

Peter  Parker, 
Isaac  Blunt, 

<( 

l( 

177 

Caleby  Swan, 

« 

On  ihe  back  of  the  paper  is  written: 

"  List  of  Tantamar  Proprietors," 
also 
"  A  List  of  the  Settlers  from    Providence  in  Rhode  Island 
Colony." 


W¥ 


'•"•^    sf*" 


42 


The  EMiGiiATioN  TO  Nova  Scotia. 


V  I 


)  i  I 


lin^ 


i)  H  f 


IV. 

"  Return  of  the  State  of  the  Township  of  Fahnouth,  Jan, 
1,  1770."  Taken  from  records  in  tlie  Province  Lihrary  at 
Halifax.  The  names  ah)ne  are  here  given  ;  but  the  original 
states  tlie  number  in  each  family  and  classifies  the  property 
of  each. 


Henry  Denny  Denson 
Ahel  Michenor 
Joseph   Wilson 
Joseph  Jess 
Levi  Irish 
Ichabod  Stoddard 
Edward   Yorke 
Wignall  Cole 
Thomas  Woodworth 
Stephen  Aken 
John  Potter 
Constant  Church 
John   Simpson 
Jonathan   Vickery 
Tamerlain  Campbell 
George  Stuart 
Christopher  Knight 
Peter  Manning 

(  *  The  record  states  that 
the  provir.ce  within  a  year.  ) 


John  Davison 
William  Allen 
Malachy  Cagan 
Edward  Manchester 
Jeremia  Northnp 
Jacob  Mullar 
William  Shey 
Benjamin   Gerrish 
.lonathan  Marsters 
John    Loveless 
L  F.  W.  DesBarres 
George  Faesch 
Henry    Lyon 
James    Wilson 
Luke  Horswell  * 
Timothy  Davison 
Terence  Fitzpatrick 


this  man  and  his  family  had  left 


^ 


V. 


Return  of  the  State  of  the  Township  of  Sackville,  Jan.  1, 
1770.  Taken  from  the  records  in  the  Province  Library,  Hal- 
ifax. 


The  kmiouation  to  Nova  Sootia. 


43 


Jiin, 

liy  at 

j>inal 

Lcuty 


Sam'l  licllew 
.Tolin  Peck 
Joseph  Collins 
GiJeoii   Yoiiii^ 
Sam'l  Rogers 
Joshua  Spva^'iie 
John  Olney 
William  Lawranco 
Robert    Foster 
James  Jinks 
John  Barnes 
Jaeob  JJacou 
Geovjj^e  Sheavmau 
Nath'l   Finney 
William  Olney 
William   Alverson 
Ezekiel   Fuller 
Jeremiah    Brownell 
Daniel  Hawkins 
David  Tift 
Ameriah  Telland 
Thomas  Irons 
Thomas  Collins 
Nathan']  Rounds 
Amasa  Kellum 
Robert  Seott 
Oalyb  Finney 
Stephen  Johnson  • 
Samuel  Lettimore 
Gideon    Smith 
George  Shearman,  Jr. 
Nathan  Masou 
Nathaniel  Mason 


Nathan  Simmons 
Samuel   Kmerson 
David   Alverson 
Benjamin  Tower 
Joseph    Tower 
John  Day 

Valentine  Rsterbrooks 
Robert  Lettimore 
Fliphalet  Reed 
Seth   flervey 
Gilbert  Simtuons 
Jaeob   Fuller 
Josiah  Tiagley 
Benajah    Lewis 
John  Thomas 
Job  Simmons 
K[)heiim  Emerson 
Benja.  Emerson 
Ebenezer  Salisbury 
Eben  Salisbury,  Jr. 
Isreal  Thornton 
Lsaiah   Ilorton 
Nehemiah  Ward 
Jonathan  Cole 
William  Baker 
Joseph  Baker 
William  Simmons 
Benja-  Mason 
Samuel  Ijfwis 
Samuel  Eddy 
John  Wood 
Sam'l  Irons 


^ 


is 


Is-    ;ii 


iw 


i4 


TllK    K.MTOllATION    TO    NoVA.    ScoTlA. 


VI, 


Roll  or  Inventory  of  Kstiitcs  in  the  Townslni)  of  Newport, 
Dee.  ;iO,  1772.  Taken  from  reeords  in  the  Trovinee  Lihrary, 
Iltilifux.'  The  (late  and  some  of  the  nan.es  are  almost  illeoihle. 


Eneom  Sanford 
George    Ih-ightinan 
James  Snuth 
Josej)h   Huiley,   Ks(|. 
Henry  Knowles 
.John  Smith,  Caniiteook. 
.)ohn   Lawiillard 
Benja.    VV  'wv 

John  M  

Thomas  Baker 

William     Ueed 
Williiim   Sterling- 

Th(.iiias  Allen 
William   Coifell 
Isaae  Desehamps,  Es(|. 
Barzillai    Moslusr 
Francis   Smith 

Samuel   (^ottnani 
Arehihakl  llarvu' 
John   Brown 
James  Simpson 

(  agent  for  Tucker  ) 

Icliabod  Maeomber 

Daniel  Dimock 

Abraham   Ada, 

Robert  Waistoe 

James  Dornvond 


Sam'l   Bentley 
John   Wood 
Woodward  Sanford 
James  (lard 
Jeremiah  Baker 
Tlunn.  Cochran 
John   Simson 
Robert  Scott 
Daniel   Wi(>ver 
Stepiien   Wilcox 
Janies  Campbell 
John   AnthoJiy 
James  llarvie,  Jr. 
Benjamin   linrges 
George  Sharahe 
James  Fish 
Michael   Fish, 

widow  her  share 
Daniel  Greeno 
James  Sim})S(>n 
John   llarvie 
John    Moslier 
William   Bentley 
James  Harvie 
John  Chambers 
Shnbael   Dimock' 
AnH)s   Walley    ". 


ill'! 


Thk  kmkjuation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


45 


Olt, 


Wiiliaui  Smith 

]|ii<^li   Smith 

Hcnja.   iSuiifoi'd 

.loliii   CiiiiavHii 

.Inlin   I)ii)snn''  -^ 

.l.iiiu'S  Moshcr 

Williiuu  Smitli,   \nsii 

William    Wicr 

AVillium   Wiov  For  i\Tr,  Shay 

(^alol)  Lake 

Shu  lord 

(J(. !)(<»'('  MiimforJ 


JuiiifH  Tlarvic.  Jr. 
St<'[»lnMi    VVilcocks 
Bcnja.   VVilcocks 
Ivohcit  Salter 
Archihaltl   Ilarvic 
.lohn   Woodman 
«lolm   Carder 
Phillip  Moslier 
dol)  Card 
.Tames  Dormond 
C(Miieliiis    Potter 

Ahi'I    jMicliciiM' 


& 


VII. 

"  A  list  of  persons  in  N<fWport  Townsliip,  Nova  Scotia, 
cpuiliiied  to  serve  on  Juries,"  ]781.  Taken  from  the  papers 
of  Isaac  Deschani})H  hy  Thomas  B.  Akins,  Esq. 


James  Cam  hie 
.Ian\es  Mosher 
Allen  Mosher 
dohn   Cannan 
Hugh  Smith 
Wm.  Smith 

....  hen  Macon d>er 
Amos  Waley 
Acey  Limock 
Thonuis  liaker 
J  (dm  Marsters 


Dan'l  Dimick 
doliii   liawald 
Ichahod   McCcmiher 
Stephen   Macoond)ev 
Jolm  Abiiand 
James  Fopson 

MosIku- 

Jolui  Bentley 
Rarsiler  Mosher 
Jonathan   Knowles 
.lohn  Smith 


II 


( 


4G 


Thk  kmiokation  to  Nova  Scotia. 


i  1 


s  5 


John  ('liivnilters 

.Jf'""»H  Bailor 

y         MjuiCoy 

Shiib'l  Diniot'k 

M('('oiul»ci 

Piiwpci- 

....  Iiuin    Iicid 

FiaiK'is  Mason 

Daii'l   VVrdcu 

Win.   Weden 

Pinlip  Moslici- 

Edw'd  Moshor 

Jo'  M  Macnutt 

r        Mnen   Wioi- 

.)Oi       Brown 

Joseph  Baley 

Aiehihald   Maivt'y 

Francis  vSniith 

Wm.  Smith 


John  Rou^' 


Jus.  Fish 
Daniel   Orcno 
Geo.  Sharon 
•loini    Ilarvi(> 
VVni.  (Jollui 
.las.  Simpson 
Thos.  Smith 
Particat  Casey 
Arnold   Shnw 
.Inda  Shaw     ~ 
tlohn   Wier 
James   D(>armet 
Siim'l    Donsmore 
.las.  Donsmore 
Francis  Donsmore 
Francis   FarKer 
Fzek'l  Marsters 
Wm.  Sterlino- 
Benianien  Sweet 


Sept.  ,'),  1781.         E.  Mosher,  Constalde. 


This  is  a  list  of  all  th this  side  of  Cannetcnt  River. 


Wm.  Smith 
John  Anthony 
David  Anthony 
Noah  Anthony 
John  Smith 
James  Wier 
Wm   Wier 


Caleb   l^ake 
Will'm  Lake 
.....  Britman 

Sand  ford 

Benjamen   Wileocks 
Ste})hen   Wileocks 
Rob't  Wileocks 


Thr  f,mu;uath>n  to  Nova  Scotia. 


47 


Woodward  San  ford 
Osborii   San  ford 
Pelt'g  San  ford 
JanieH  Harvio 
Kol)'t  Salter 
Will'm  Salter 
.lolm  Uurges 


Edward  Burfi^oft 
CornulIuH   Potter 
Stephen    l*otter 
•loini  Card 
Job  Card 
Tiiomas  Allen 
William   Albro 


ver. 


Vlll. 

Notof*  relating  to  the  Rhode  Island  Settlors  at  Newport  nj>d 
Falniontli,  N.  S.,  taken  from  the  offices  of  the  Register  of 
Deeds  and  the  Register  of  Probate,  at  Windsor,  N.  S. 

Transfers  of  Heal  Estatt. 

1.  Christo]>her  Allen  of  North  Kingstown,  R.  T.,  to  Stuke- 
ley  Waseoat  of  Newport,  N.  S.;  power  of  attorney  relating- 
to  draught  of  lands  ;  June  2li,  17(5 1. 

2.  James  Mosher,  attorney  for  Aaron  Butts,  to  John 
Chambers;  Apr.   14,   17G3. 

3.  John  Jelfeiii!,  lease  to  John  Harvio  and  John  Cham'oers ; 
Apr.  15,  1763. 

4.  Joseph  Straight  to  John  Chambers ;  Apr.   14,  17()3. 

5.  John  Steele  to  Moses  Deles  Dernier,  Nov.  9.  17G3. 

0.     Benjamin  Borden  to  Benjamin  Sanford,  Dec.  13,  1763. 

7.  James  Mosher  to  James  Simpson,  Mar.  2,  1762.  En- 
eom  Sanford,  witness. 


w 

■I 

f    I 


ii 


!ii 


i     i 


'    T 

i 

■i 

'■7 


48 


The  emigration  to  Nova  Scotia. 


8.  Joshua  Sa?ifoi'(l  to  James  Simpson,  Feb.  (),  17G2. 

9.  Jonathan  Babcocl:  to  James  Simpson,  Oct.  25,  17G2. 

10.  James  Weeden  to  James  Oaid,  Sept.  M),  17(32.  Silas 
Wev  31',  Avitness. 

11.  Sam'l  Bentley  to June  1,   1762. 

12.  Nehemiah  Wood  to Mar.  1,   1763. 

13.  Benjamin  Reynohl.s  to  Stephen  Macomber,  May  12, 
1764. 

14.  William  Albro  to  James  Smitlif  Apr.   14,  1763. 

15.  Zerobbabel  Wasteoat  to  John  Chambers  and  James 
Smith,  1763.     (  Probably  Apr.  14.  ) 

16.  Jolin  Woodman  to  John  Chambers,  Apr.  14,  1763. 

17.  Sam'l  Brown,  briekmaker,  to  Sam'l  Watts,  tavcn-n- 
keeper,  Falmouth. 

18.  El)(!n'r  Millett  to  Thomas  Woodworth,  Sep^.  8,  1764. 

WiVs. 
[  Dat.  -  dated ;  p.  -  admitted  to  probatv .  ] 

1.  Edward  Church  oi'  Little  Com})t<)n,  dat.  Au<;-.  15, 
1757,  p.  Sept.   17,  1761;  mentions  son   Constant. 

2.  Stephen  Chapman,  Newpori;  N.  S.;  dat.  3d.  mo.,  12, 
1765 ;  mentioiis  wife  Zeruiah,  children  Nathaniel,  Kufns, 
William,  Dorcas,  Lucy. 

3.  James  Wilson,  Falmouth  ;  mentions  brother  William 
Wilson,  sister  Ruth  Wilson,  cousin  Barnabas  Wilson. 

4.  Richard  Card,  dat.  Sept.  28,  1773,  p.  Sept.  18,  1775. 


II* 


The  ElviiGUATioN  TO  Nova  Scotia. 


49 


hilas 


T4 


linos 
'G4. 


1.^ 

12, 

|if'ns, 

I  lain 
[775. 


5.  James  Ciivd,  dat.  Jan.  lo,   1778,  p.  Mar.  28,   1778. 

6.  James  Weeden.  dat.  May  27,  1777,  p.  De^..  29,  1783 ; 
mentions  wife  Mary,  children  Daniel,  Naomi  ^V^t-t^dcn,  AV  li- 
liam,  Mary  Canavan. 

7.  George  Briohtman,  dat.  Jan.  5,  1780,  p.  May  1, 
178G ;  mentions  honored  father,  children  (  under  a^e,  ) 
George,  Sns.'iiinah,  Lydia,  Marv,  Elizabeth,  Esther  and  Han. 
nah,  his  nephew  George  Dimock,  and  his  brother  Thomas 
Brightman. 

8.  Josepli  Bailey,  dat.  Apr.  7,  1787,  p.  Aug.  27.  1787; 
mentions  son  Joseph  Sanford  Bailey,  daughteis  Deborah 
Din)ock  and  Sarah  Brown,  grandchildren  (  the  above  men- 
tioned children  of  George  Brightman  )  and  his  wife  Hannah. 

9.  James  Harvey,  dat.  June  26,  178(),  p.  Dee.  19,  1792; 
mentions  sons  John,   Archil)ald  and    James,   and  daughter 

Margaret. 

10.  Wignal  Cole,  dat.  Mar.  27,  1789,  p.  May  2'^,  1794; 
mentions  sister  Susannah  Cole  in  Rhode  Island,  and  William 
Cole,  son  of  eldest  brother  John,  in  Rhode  Island. 

11.  Benjamin  Wilcox,  Mar.  3,  1813,  mentions  eldest 
son  Stephen,  sons  Robert  and  Gardiner,  daughters  Else  Har- 
vey, Hittabel  Sanford,  Francis  Card,  Esther  Mosher,  Susan- 
nah Lake,  Hannah  Brown,  Mary  Armstrong,  and  his  grand- 
daughter Esther. 

12.  Henry  Knowles;  inventory  Jan.  20,  1800,  mentions 
daughter  Martha  sixteen  years  old,  his  mother,  aiul  his  wife 
Molly.     Receipts  are  signed  by   William   Knowles,  Sabray 

Knowles,  Nathan  Knowles,    (  possibly  Catharine  ) 

Knowles,  Joshua  Smith,  Sarah   Smith,  Molly  Knowles  and 
Martha  Knowles.  7 


